Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications

Figure 2

Theoretical model of causal pathways for mental health (MH), based on Western monotheistic religions (Christianity, Judaism, and Islam). (Permission to reprint obtained. Original source: Koenig et al. [17]). For models based on Eastern religious traditions and the Secular Humanist tradition, see elsewhere. (Koenig et al. [24]).