International Scholarly Research Notices

Research Article

Feeding of Bait to Snail Lymnaea acuminata and Their Effect on Certain Enzyme in the Nervous Tissue

Table 1

Effect of sublethal exposure (20% and 60% of 24 h and 96 h LC₅₀) of bait formulations containing eugenol, ferulic acid, umbelliferone, and limonene on the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the nervous tissue of the snail L. acuminata.


Treatment	24 h LC₅₀		96 h LC₅₀		Withdrawal
Treatment	20%	60%	20%	60%	60% (96 h LC₅₀)

Control (Agar)	2.75 ± 0.13 (100)				2.25 ± 0.61 (100)
Control (a) Glu. + Meth.	2.82 ± 0.51 (100)				2.75 ± 0.32 (100)
Control (b) Star. + Meth.	2.65 ± 0.32 (100)				2.61 ± 0.16 (100)
Control (c) Glu. + Hist.	2.75 ± 0.92 (100)				2.64 ± 0.15 (100)
Control (d) Star. + Hist.	2.65 ± 0.82 (100)				2.31 ± 0.25 (100)
Glu. + Meth. + Eug.	1.95 ± 0.06* (70.90)	1.32 ± 0.12* (48.00)	1.75 ± 0.23* (63.63)	1.28 ± 0.72* (46.54)	1.99 ± 0.72⁺ (88.44)
Glu. + Meth. + Fer.	1.66 ± 0.25* (60.36)	1.25 ± 0.07* (45.45)	1.85 ± 0.36* (67.27)	1.33 ± 0.20* (48.36)	1.75 ± 0.26⁺ (77.77)
Glu. + Meth. + Umb.	1.75 ± 0.11* (63.63)	1.55 ± 0.20* (56.36)	1.75 ± 0.13* (63.63)	1.55 ± 0.09* (56.36)	1.86 ± 0.23⁺ (82.66)
Glu. + Meth. + lim.	1.25 ± 0.03* (45.45)	1.03 ± 0.26* (37.45)	1.85 ± 0.77* (67.27)	1.66 ± 0.21* (60.36)	1.89 ± 0.73⁺ (84.00)
Star. + Meth. + Eug.	1.98 ± 0.72* (72.00)	1.70 ± 0.08* (61.81)	1.65 ± 0.26* (60.00)	1.60 ± 0.13* (58.18)	1.82 ± 0.23⁺ (80.88)
Star. + Meth. + Fer.	1.34 ± 0.06* (48.72)	1.22 ± 0.38* (44.36)	1.55 ± 0.26* (56.36)	1.13 ± 0.07* (41.09)	1.38 ± 0.07⁺ (61.33)
Star. + Meth. + Umb.	1.68 ± 0.23* (61.09)	1.38 ± 0.16* (50.18)	1.40 ± 0.39* (50.90)	1.28 ± 0.36* (46.54)	1.55 ± 0.38⁺ (68.88)
Star. + Meth. + Lim.	1.35 ± 0.72* (49.09)	1.25 ± 0.07* (45.45)	1.48 ± 0.21* (53.81)	1.28 ± 0.77* (46.54)	1.49 ± 0.24⁺ (66.22)
Glu. + hist. + Eug.	1.85 ± 0.11* (67.27)	1.63 ± 0.07* (59.27)	1.53 ± 0.23* (55.63)	1.48 ± 0.20* (53.81)	1.65 ± 0.23⁺ (73.33)
Glu. + Hist. + Fer.	1.79 ± 0.38* (65.09)	1.58 ± 0.28* (57.45)	1.51 ± 0.01* (54.90)	1.31 ± 0.19* (47.63)	1.52 ± 0.23⁺ (67.55)
Glu. + Hist. + Umb.	1.62 ± 0.25* (58.90)	1.35 ± 0.09* (49.09)	1.68 ± 0.98* (61.09)	1.36 ± 0.22* (49.45)	1.49 ± 0.26⁺ (66.22)
Glu. + Hist. + Lim.	1.48 ± 0.63* (53.81)	1.25 ± 0.71* (45.45)	1.60 ± 0.23* (58.18)	1.25 ± 0.85* (45.81)	1.51 ± 0.73⁺ (67.11)
Star. + Hist. + Eug.	0.98 ± 0.23* (35.63)	0.75 ± 0.03* (27.27)	0.65 ± 0.75* (23.63)	0.55 ± 0.32* (20.00)	0.78 ± 0.23⁺ (34.66)
Star. + Hist. + Fer.	1.23 ± 0.07* (44.72)	1.11 ± 0.98* (40.36)	1.05 ± 0.60* (38.18)	0.99 ± 0.23* (36.00)	1.20 ± 0.03⁺ (53.33)
Star. + Hist. + Umb.	1.69 ± 0.08* (61.45)	1.68 ± 0.23* (61.09)	1.51 ± 0.23* (54.90)	1.38 ± 0.75* (50.18)	1.59 ± 0.23⁺ (70.66)
Star. + Hist. + Lim.	1.42 ± 0.72* (51.63)	1.24 ± 0.29* (45.09)	1.48 ± 0.05* (53.81)	1.28 ± 0.65* (46.54)	1.55 ± 0.26⁺ (69.33)

Each value is mean ± SE of six replicates. Values in parentheses are percent change with control taken as 100%.
Concentration (w/v) has been expressed as final concentration in aquarium water. *Significant (P < 0.05) when t-test was applied in between treated and control groups and ⁺in between 60% of 96 h LC₅₀ and withdrawal group. Glu.: glucose; Star.: starch; Meth.: methionine; Hist.: histidine; Eug.: eugenol; Feb.: ferulic acid; Umb.: umbelliferone; Lim.: limonene.