Research Article

Evaluation of Viability and Proliferation Profiles on Macrophages Treated with Silica Nanoparticles In Vitro via Plate-Based, Flow Cytometry, and Coulter Counter Assays

Figure 1

Characterization of SiO2  NP size and stability. (a) Representative transmission electron micrograph of SiO2  NP. Arrow points out representative SiO2  NP. Scale bar is equal to 100 nm. (b) Particle size distribution of SiO2  NP measured by ES-DMA (raw counts). (c) SiO2  NPs were diluted in water (38 g/L-39 g/L) and characterized by DLS. SiO2  NP display an average size of ~7 nm in water with some agglomeration also noted (~50 nm). A representative intensity-weighted histogram is shown. (d) SiO2 NP were diluted in DMEM media supplemented with FBS and penicillin/streptomycin, incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes (black thin line), 60 minutes (black thin punctuated line), 3 h (black thick line), or 24 h (gray punctuated line), and 3 measurements were run at each time point. Media only (gray thick line) is also included. One representative intensity-weighted histogram is shown at each time point. SiO2  NP average diameter is 20 nm at 30 min and 60 min and increases to ~60 nm at 3 h.
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(a) TEM
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(b) ES-DMA
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(c) SiO2 NPs in water
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(d) SiO2 NPs in culture media