Experimental Review of Graphene

Table 4

Bandgap engineering techniques.

Method	Bandgap	𝐼on/𝐼off	Ref.
Bilayer	0–0.25 eV	~100	[140, 141]
Nanoribbons	0–0.4 eV	>10^6	[142, 143]
Nanobubbles	>0.1 eV	NA	[161]
Nanomesh	NA	10–100	[162]
Hydrogen adsorption	>0.4 eV	NA	[144]