Review Article
Obesity Prevention and National Food Security: A Food Systems Approach
Table 1
Levers for change in the macro- and microenvironments to influence obesity in food insecure populations.
| ā | Environment type | ā | Physical | Economic | Political | Sociocultural |
| Macroenvironmental settings | Modify agricultural, housing, transportation, and social policies that influence food production and distribution. | Offer monetary incentives for healthy food options (e.g., subsidies) and disincentives for unhealthy options (e.g., taxes). | Promote agricultural, social, and food security and nutrition policy informed by obesity prevention science. | Food marketing and advertising environment in economically disadvantaged areas to promote health and prevent obesity. |
| Microenvironmental setting | Food retailers and food service outlets determine local healthy food options. | Institutional financial support for health promotion and nutrition programs; financial support for support local food production. | Institutional rules and policies influencing availability of healthy food options. | Institutional climate around nutritious eating and healthy body weight maintenance. |
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