Silviculture and Wildlife: Snowshoe Hare Abundance across a Successional Sequence of Natural and Intensively Managed Forests

Table 1

Mean ± SE (𝑛=3 replicate sites) number of fecal pellets per ha (×1000) for snowshoe hares for five summer periods, and results of repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA). Columns of mean values with different letters are significantly different by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT), adjusted for multiple contrasts. F-values identified by * were calculated using an H-F correction factor, which decreased the stated degrees of freedom due to correlation among repeated measures.

RM ANOVA results

Year

Site

Site

Time

Site × time

YP

Th

Th + F

UnTh

MF

OG

F 5,10

P

F 4,48

P

F 20,48

P

C

BC

AB

A

AB

C

8.20

<0.01

1.30*

0.29

0.37*

0.99

1999

0.09±0.03

1.63±1.15

6.47±1.86

42.86±16.93

3.55±0.36

0.77±0.57

2000

0.15±0.10

3.73±2.00

9.49±3.37

43.58±6.50

11.72±1.38

2.93±2.77

2001

1.93±1.86

4.88±3.53

12.05±3.51

53.37±6.70

12.56±2.71

2.64±1.24

2002

0.67±0.29

6.40±3.32

35.94±4.21

76.55±10.46

26.20±0.62

1.29±1.08

2003

0.90±0.69

7.74±1.83

17.21±3.57

60.79±6.26

5.45±0.08

0.98±0.57

YP: young plantation; Th: thinned; Th + F: thinned and fertilized; UnTh: unthinned; MF: mature forest; OG: old-growth.