The Role of Transoral Robotic Surgery in the Management of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Review of the Literature

Table 3

Functional and oncologic outcomes for transoral laser microsurgery.

Study	Number of cases	Primary site	Pathological stage	HPV status	Followup period (mean)	Hospital stay (mean)	Tracheostomy dependent (days to decannulation)	Gastrostomy tube dependency	Oncologic outcomes
Steiner et al. [30] (Jan ’03)	48	Oropharynx (base of tongue)	T1/2: 13	N/A	47 mths (median)	N/A	0%	6%	5 years:
			T3/4: 35						local control rate: 85%
									recurrence free rate: 73%
			N0: 15						overall survival: 52%
			N1: 9
			N2: 24
			N3: 0
Holsinger et al. [48] (Jul ’05)	191	Oropharynx	T1/2: 162	N/A	N/A	9 d	0% permanent	0.5% (1/191)	N/A
			T3/4: 24				3.7% temporary
			Tx: 5
			N0: 97
			N1: 50
			N2: 33
			N3: 6
			Nx: 5
Laccourreye et al. [49] (Jul ’05)	166	Oropharynx	T1/2: 147	N/A	10 yrs (median)	N/A	N/A	N/A	Local control rate overall:
			T3: 19						1 year: 91.2%
									5 years: 82.1%
			N0: 85
			N1: 44						Control rate by T classification:
			N2: 31						T1
			N3: 6						1 year: 98.3%
									5 years: 89.0%
									T2
									1 year: 88.9%
									5 years: 81.7%
									T3
									1 year: 78.9%
									5 years: 62.7%
Rich et al. [52] (Sept ’09)	84	Oropharynx	T1/2: 62	HPV-pos: 69	52.6 mths (mean)	4.3 d	11% temporary	1 year: 18.8%	Overall survival
			T3/4: 22	HPV-neg: 4	48.5 mths (median)			5 years: 3.8%	2 years: 94%
				(data for 73 pts)					5 years: 88%
			N0: 3					FOSS-stage 0–2: 81% overall
			N1: 12						Disease-specific survival
			N2: 64						2 years: 96%
			N3: 5						5 years: 92%
Grant et al. [32] (Dec ‘09)	69	Oropharynx	T1/2: 55	N/A	44 mths (mean)	3 d	0%	0%	Overall survival:
	(treated with surgery only)		T3/4: 14						5 years: 86%
			N0: 31						Local control rate:
			N1: 11						5 years: 94%
			N2a: 16
			N2b: 6
			N2c: 1
			N3: 2
Henstrom et al. [50] (Dec ’09)	20	Oropharynx	T1/2: 16	N/A	3.3 yrs (mean)	4.7 d	0% permanent	10% (2/20)	Overall survival:
		(base of tongue)	T3/4: 4		3.2 yrs (median)				2 years: 90.0%
									5 years: 83.1%
			N0: 1
			N1: 3						Disease specific control rate:
			N2a: 1						2 years: 94.7%
			N2b: 11
			N2c: 4
Haughey et al. [31] (Jan ’11)	204	Oropharynx	T1/2: 135	HPV-pos: 167	48 mths (mean)	4.4 d	18% temporary	1 year: 18.8%	Overall survival:
			T3/4: 69	HPV-neg: 18	42 mths (median)			5 years: 3.8%	2 years: 89%
				(data available for 185)				(subset data from Wash Uni)	5 years: 78%
			N0: 15
			N1: 39					FOSS-stage 0–2: 87% overall	Disease-specific survival:
			N2: 135					(203/204)	2 years: 91%
			N3: 15						5 years: 84%