Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy after the First Decade: Surgical Evolution or New Paradigm

Table 1

Reduction of major/minor complications through specific interventional techniques, Liss et al. [49].

Complications	Clavien	Old rate	Resolution	New rate	Adjusted 𝑃 value*
Corneal abrasion	1	4/200	Foam-based safety goggles	1/800	0.030
		(2.0%)		(0.1%)
Fossa strictures	3 a	10/165	Avoidance ≥ 20 F catheters	1/835	0.031
		(6.1%)		(0.1%)
Bladder neck contractions (BNC)	3 a/3 b	6/592	Addition of “Rocco” Stitch to Van Velthoven single knot anastomosis	1/408	0.052
		(1.0%)		(0.2%)
Camera site hernias	3 b	40/735	Transverse Incision	1/265	<0.001
		(5.4%)		(0.4%)
Pulmonary embolus	4 a	5/190	Thigh-high pneumatic compression early and persistent ambulation	0/810	0.863
		(2.6%)		(0%)

∗Adjusted for age, BMI, and surgeon learning curve.