Completely Resected N0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Factors Affecting Long-Term Survival

Table 3

Univariable analysis of overall survival in completely resected NSCLC without nodal involvement by Cox proportional hazard model.

Parameters	Hazard ratio	95% confident interval	𝑃 value
Age (year)
<60	Reference
60–69	1.7	0.8–3.7	0.157
≥70	2.5	1.2–5.3	0.018
Male	1.4	0.8–2.5	0.258
Smoking	1.3	0.8–2.2	0.257
COPD	1.8	0.9–3.6	0.099
Histologic grading	1.0	0.9–1.2	0.764
Histologic cell type	1.0	0.9–1.3	0.466
Staging of lung cancer
IA	Reference
IB	1.4	0.6–3.1	0.376
IIA	2.4	0.9–5.7	0.057
IIB	2.9	1.2–7.0	0.015
Tumor size >3 cm	1.9	0.9–4.0	0.078
Visceral pleural invasion	1.2	0.6–2.4	0.685
Intratumoral vascular invasion	1.5	0.8–2.7	0.195
Intratumoral lymphatic invasion	1.5	0.7–3.1	0.276
Tumor necrosis	2.2	1.2–3.9	0.007
Tumor recurrence	4.7	2.4–9.3	<0.001
Lung metastasis	1.3	0.7–2.5	0.351
Pleural metastasis	4.2	0.9–17.6	0.053
Bone metastasis	1.7	0.6–4.7	0.323
Brain metastasis	5.2	2.6–10.3	<0.001
Liver metastasis	1.1	0.1–7.7	0.958
Chest wall metastasis	4.9	0.7–36.8	0.119
Adrenal metastasis	24.1	2.8–205.9	0.004
Renal metastasis	8.7	1.1–66.5	0.037
Skin metastasis	7.9	2.7–22.9	<0.001