Reduced Life Expectancy Model for Effects of Long Term Exposure on Lethal Toxicity with Fish

Table 1

Regression analysis of the relationship between lnLT₅₀ and LT₅₀.

Fish species: organic compounds	Reported NLT; day (lnNLT)	Calculated NLT day (lnNLT)**	Intercept (𝑏)	Slope (𝑎)*	Regression coefficient (𝑅^2)	Reference
Oreochromis niloticus
Dimethoate	500 (6.22); (Mugisha and Ddumba, 2006 [37])	480 (6.18)	36,000	−7,800	0.949	Phommakone, 2004 [38]
Dimethoate			34,000	−3,400	0.900
Captan			580	−130	0.984	Boran et al., 2012 [39]
2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol			310	−58	0.627	Holcombe et al., 1984 [40]
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Glyphosate	600 (6.39); (Healey, 1986 [41]; Scott and Crossman, 1973 [42])	120 (4.78)	130,000	−50,000	0.962	Wan et al., 1989 [43]
MOW0818			3,300	−640	0.985
MOW8709			60,000	−21,000	0.943
Roundup			28,000	−3,000	0.957
Salmo gairdneri
2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol	3300 (8.1); (Gorbach, 1961 [44])	5400 (8.6)	100,000	−9,400	0.832	Holcombe et al., 1984 [40]
Glyphosate			2,600	−360	0.977	Wan et al., 1989 [43]
MW0818			45,000	−10,000	0.986
MOW8709			22,000	−1,800	0.982
Roundup
Oncorhynchus  tshawytesha
Glyphosate	2100 (7.65); (Moyle, 2002 [45]; Healey [41])	2000 (7.60)	110,000	−17,000	0.885	Wan et al., 1989 [43]
MW0818			3,000	−360	0.905
MOW8709			58,000	−7,900	0.984
Roundup			29,000	−3,600	0.978
Oncorhynchus  keta
Glyphosate	2700 (7.8); (Scott and Crossman, 1973 [42])	3800 (8.23)	89,000	−14,000	0.998	Wan et al., 1989 [43]
MOW0818			2,400	−190	0.818
MOW8709			44,000	−4,900	0.956
Roundup			23,000	−4,400	0.980
Oncorhynchus  kisutch
Glyphosate	1800 (7.51); (Scott and Crossman, 1973 [42])	2600 (7.88)	12,000	−2,000	0.984	Wan et al., 1989 [43]
MOW0818			3,300	−310	0.820
MOW8709			48,000	−5,200	0.823
Roundup			34,000	−5,100	0.972
Anguilla anguilla
Methylparathion	4700 (8.46); (EC Fisheries, 2013 [46])	3700 (8.22)	54,00	−870	0.977	Ferrando et al., 1991 [47]
Methildathion			3,700	−1,700	0.967
Chlorpyrifos			1,200	−550	0.905
Trichlorfon			4,900	−1,200	0.930
Fenitrothion			340	−130	0.817
Endosulfan			52	−1.3	0.742
Diazinon			160	−59	0.981
Heteropenteus (Saccobranchus) fossilis
Dimethoate	6600 (8.79); (Flower, 1925 [48]; Altman and Dittmer, 1962 [49])	8100 (9.02)	17,000	−1,600	0.930
Dimethoate			3,400	−300	0.966	Pandey et al., 2009 [50]
Dimethoate			3,400	−290	0.982
Chlordane			500	−86	0.992	Pandey et al., 2008 [51]
Ekatin			13,000	−1,100	0.929	Verma et al., 1978 [52]
Ekalaux			2,800	−900	0.943
Sumithion			15,000	−1,600	0.871
Poecilia.reticulata
Methylbenzoate	550 (6.3) (Fish Base [53])	220 (5.4)
Benzonitrile			59,000	−12,000	0.931	Verhaar et al., 1999 [54]
Benzaldehyde			240,000	−42,000	0.908
Benzylalcohol			23,000	−6,200	0.830
Cypermethrin			640,000	−210,000	0.911
Cypermethrin			3,200	−670	0.978	Gautara and Gupta, 2008 [55]
Cypermethrin			2,200	−360	0.956
Cypermethrin			1,900	−280	0.991
Cypermethrin			1,800	−210	0.962
Cypermethrin			2,500	−520	0.978
Cypermethrin			2,400	−460	0.983
Pimephales  promelas
2-Allylphenol	720 (6.58) (Scott and Crossman 1973 [42])	730 (6.59)	32,000	−15,000	0.915	Holcombe et al., 1984 [40]
4-Tert-butylphenol			6,200	−800	0.989
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol			14,000	−4,100	0.966
4-Nitrophenol			65,000	−18,000	0.985
2,3,4,5-Tetraphenyl			490	−40	0.882
1,4-Dinitrobenzene			690	−60	0.982
Ictalutrus  punctatus
1,4-Dinitrobenzene	2900 (8.30)  (Jearld and Brown, 1971 [56])	N/A***	910	−170	0.971	Holcombe et al., 1984 [40]
2-Ethoxyethyllacetate			21,000	−4,200	0.946
Channa  punctatus
Carbosulfan	2000 (7.60); (Nayak et al., 1999 [57])	N/A***	1,600	−1,000	0.830	Nwani et al., 2010 [58]
Glyphosate			41,000	−7,400	0.769
Atrazine			63,000	−16,000	0.958
Cyprinus  carpio
Dichlorvos	17160 (9.75); (Flower, 1925 [48])	N/A***	37,000	−1,100	0.932	Das, 2012 [59]
Dimethoate			1,900	−160	0.936	Singh et al., 2009 [60]
Trichogaster  trichopterus
Diazinon	1500 (7.31)	N/A***	40,000	−18,000	0.989
Deltamethrin			300	−53	0.890	Hedayati et al., 2012 [61]
Oncorhynchus  mykiss
m-Cresol	1,300; (Scott and Crossman, 1973 [42])	N/A***	8,000	−3,000	0.999	Capkin et al., 2010 [62]
Deltamethrin			4.5	−3.4	0.982	Ural and Sağlam, 2005 [63]
Endosulfan			19	−13	0.987	Capkin et al., 2006 [64]
Gambusia  affinis
m-Cresol	700; (Krumholz, 1948 [65])	N/A***	40,000	−5,600	0.894	Sangli and Kanabur, 2000 [66]

∗LC₅₀ = 𝑎 lnLT₅₀ + 𝑏, **calculated from ln NLT₅₀ = −𝑏/𝑎, (8), ***these species had <4 data sets.