Research Article
Profile of Gaze Dysfunction following Cerebrovascular Accident
Table 3
Associated ocular motility abnormalities.
| | | CNP | Saccadic dysmetria | Impaired elevation | Impaired depression | Impaired SP | INO | Nystagmus | Impaired convergence | Lid anomaly | Pupil anomaly |
| | Impaired gaze holding | 1 | 5 | 4 | | 2 | | End: 1
Gaze: 2
Jerk: 3
Multi: 1 | 17 | Bilat: 1
Retract: 1
Unilat: 7 | Anisoc: 1
Horners: 1
Mid: 1
Miosis: 1
RAPD: 1 |
| | Complete gaze palsy | 3 | 3 | 2 | | 1 | 1 | Gaze: 5
Upbeat: 3 | 11 | Retract: 1 Unilat: 4
| Anisoc: 1
Horners: 1
Mid: 1 |
| | Horizontal gaze palsy | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 1 | | End: 1
Gaze: 2
Jerk: 2
Multi: 1
Rotary: 1
Upbeat: 2 | 4 | Retract: 1
Unilat: 6 | Anisoc: 2 |
| | Vertical gaze palsy | 4 | 6 | | | 2 | 2 | CRN: 2
Down: 1
Gaze: 1
Jerk: 2
Rotary: 1
Upbeat: 2 | 7 | Retract: 2
Unilat: 8 | Anisoc: 3
Mid: 1 |
| | Dorsal midbrain syndrome | 1 | 2 | | | | | CRN: 4
Gaze: 1 | 2 | Retract: 1 | LND: 2 |
| | INO | | 6 | 8 | | 1 | | Abduct: 2
CRN: 1
End: 1
Gaze: 1
Upbeat: 2 | 13 | Unilat: 6 | Anisoc: 1
Delay: 1 |
| | One and a half syndrome | | | | | | | Abduct: 1
Jerk: 1 | 2 | Unilat: 1 | |
| | Saccadic palsy | | | 3 | | 7 | 1 | End: 3
Jerk: 1
Rotary: 1 | 11 | Bilat: 1
Unilat: 5 | Delay: 2
Mid: 2
Miosis: 1 |
| | Smooth pursuit palsy | 3 | 20 | 9 | | | | CRN: 1
End: 3
Gaze: 1
Jerk: 2
Pendular: 1
Rotary: 4
Upbeat: 4 | 13 | Bilat: 1
Unilat: 6 | Colob: 1
Mid: 1
Miosis: 1 |
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CNP: cranial nerve palsy; SP: smooth pursuit; INO: internuclear ophthalmoplegia; Abduct: abducting nystagmus; CRN: convergence retraction nystagmus; Down: downbeat nystagmus; End: end point nystagmus; Gaze: gaze evoked nystagmus; Jerk: horizontal jerk nystagmus; Multi: multivector nystagmus; Bilat: bilateral ptosis; Retract: lid retraction; Unilat: unilateral ptosis; Colob: iris coloboma; Delay: sluggish reaction; LND: light-near dissociation; Mid: mid-dilated pupils; RAPD: relative afferent pupillary defect.
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