International Scholarly Research Notices / 2013 / Article / Tab 2 / Review Article
Sustaining Cavity-Using Species: Patterns of Cavity Use and Implications to Forest Management Table 2 Characteristics of trees and snags used as denning and roosting sites by mammals, weighted means by species. Data of [
25 ,
55 ,
59 ,
60 ,
123 –
130 ,
134 –
144 ,
146 ,
148 –
150 ,
152 ,
153 ,
162 ,
203 –
222 ,
262 –
306 ].
Species STa Regb
Percent use of substrate type Diameter (cm dbh) Height (m) Woodc Tree Dead HWd Cone
HW
Both
Ht
Big brown bat Ro B 27 100 100 11.0 100 — 35.8 27 — 25.6 27 Eptisicus fuscus I 145 99.2 99.2 60.1 37.1 31.4 50 — 59.6 71 20.0 129 California myotis Ro I 49 100 100 100 0 48.7 41 — — 28.0 39 Myotis californicus Fringed Myotis Ro I 51 62.5 62.5 100 0 43.3 9 — — 6.9 9 Myotis thysanodes C 23 100 100 100 0 120.8 23 — — 40.5 23 Keen's myotis Ro C 94 97.5 91.5 50.0 0 95.0 86 — — — Myotis keeni Little brown bat Ro B 97 97.9 96.9 50 54.3 24.1 13 40.6 32 32.9 48 21.7 33 Myotis lucifugus I 19 52.6 47.4 83.3 0 62.2 5 — 52.0 3 21.2 7 C
8f 62.5 50.0 25.0 0 192.5 4 — — 30.25 4 Long-eared myotis Ro B 61 80.6 69.0 100 0 — — — — Myotis evotis I 96 45.8 40.6 100 0 52.0 14 — — 32.5 14 C 73 100 41.1 70.0 20.0 93.0 20 34.0 20 Long-legged myotis Ro I 268 84.0 84.0 96.4 2.2 42.6 15 — 64.0 192 27.4 192 Myotis volans C 82 97.6 97.6 90.0 0 100.1 80 — — 39.7 67 Northern myotis Ro B 156 100 100 19.9 68.6 — — 40.0 156 17.8 44 Myotis septentrionalis I 333 100 100 75.4 54.7 55.1 28 45.8 115 45.7 136 18.9 226 Pallid bat Ro I 13 84.6 84.6 63.6 0 107.0 8 28.5 8 Antrozous pallidus Silver-haired bat Ro B 11 100 100 — 100 — 42.5 11 — 22.1 11 Lasionycteris I 153 100 98 65b 44.0 42.3 54 52.3 65 — 19.8 135 noctivagans C 1 100 100 0 0 225.0 1 — — 26.0 1 Yuma myotis Ro C 20 90 90 11.1 55.6 115.2 18 19.6 18 Myotis yumanensis All bats Ro B 307 99.5 99.2 29.4 80.0 24.1 13 39.6 70 37.4 230 22.1 141 I 1150 84.8 82.9 83.5 16.9 53.8 225 48.1 225 55.3 392 22.5 796 C 301 92.5 82.0 49.4 10.8 137.7 214 115.8 18 31.7 133 Northern flying squirrel N B 224 100 99.5 30.5 41.7 31.5 79 33.4 3 39.5 141 19.4 Glaucomys sabrinus I 185 96.7 96.7 22.4 25.3 37.7 4 45.6 16 29.2 136 13.9 154 C 993 98.8 97.9 41.3 9.1 73.0 173 35.8 12 76.7 792 36.9 161 Red squirrel N I 98 100 100 57.1 63.7 39.0 98 14.1 98 Tamiasciurus hudsonicus American marten D B 13 100 76.2 16.7 0 >40 4 60.9 7 Martes americana Re B 85 93.9 75.9 16.7 18.0 >50 10 D I 219 90.2 40.1 79.2 1.0 83.0 12 79.0 7 66.3 40 23.0 12 Re I 1099 80.1 46.3 68.6 0.4 91.6 318 57.9 42 15.9 300 D C 29 96.6 89.3 44.0 0 76.3 2 98.0 22 Re C 379 87.6 69.1 30.9 0 87.5 262 Fisher D B 27 100 100 0 100 54.7 27 Martes pennanti Re B 65 39.1 33.1 80 D I 80 100 97.1 46.9 93.2 55.9 6 103 5 Re I 748 93.2 87.0 27.6 23.2 75.7 194 81.8 152 76.9 88 33.6 50 D C 33 100 81.8 44.4 11.1 89.0 1 77.5 26 21.4 26 Re C 1251 99.0 91.2 22.0 13.4 104.6 116 89.7 102 16.6 54 Black bear D B 116 12.3 30.0 0 0 Ursus americanus D I 545 69.0 49.2 22.6 64.2 161.3 64 117.5 41 19.7 90 D C 302 95.8 52.2 11.4 0 155.3 192 163.3 3 43.4 29
a Site type: D: den, N: nest, Re: rest, and Ro: roost; b region: B: boreal, I: inland (south of boreal), and C: coast; c all wooden sites including logs and stumps; d hardwood species; e conifer species; d may include Yuma myotis; e living or dead not consistently specified; f this value is a minimum.