Research Article

Antinociceptive Activity and Redox Profile of the Monoterpenes (+)-Camphene, p-Cymene, and Geranyl Acetate in Experimental Models

Table 1

Effect of (+)-camphene, -cymene, geranyl acetate, or aspirin on writhing induced by acetic acid and formalin-induced nociception tests.

TreatmentDose (mg/kg)Writhing testFormalin test
Number of writhingsa0–5 mina15–30 mina

Vehicle27.8 ± 3.1 85.7 ± 8.8113.8 ± 28.6
(+)-Camphene5022.5 ± 5.376.1 ± 9.6107.1 ± 11.2
(+)-Camphene10025.1 ± 4.781.7 ± 8.368.3 ± 14.7b
(+)-Camphene20015.7 ± 4.4c72.4 ± 12.844.3 ± 11.9c
-Cymene508.9 ± 5.9c43.5 ± 7.1b,&,#49.4 ± 9.5c
-Cymene1004.1 ± 0.9d,&,#24.0 ± 8.9d,&,#33.5 ± 10.0d
-Cymene2001.3 ± 0.5d,&,#11.9 ± 5.1d,&,#25.4 ± 7.4d,&,#
Geranyl acetate5023.9 ± 5.777.0 ± 11.498.7 ± 16.6
Geranyl acetate10013.0 ± 4.8c65.9 ± 13.255.4 ± 9.1c
Geranyl acetate20015.7 ± 3.6c79.9 ± 10.359.3 ± 11.2c
Aspirin2005.1 ± 3.2d78.3 ± 17.827.5 ± 11.1d

n = 8, per group.
aValues represent mean ± SEM.
b , c or d (one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc test), significantly different from control group.
& or (one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc test), significantly different from (+)-camphene-treated group.
# or (one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc test), significantly different from geranyl acetate-treated group.