Complete Mitogenomes of Euploea mulciber (Nymphalidae: Danainae) and Libythea celtis (Nymphalidae: Libytheinae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications

Table 1

The available rhopaloceran mitogenomes (two new and 22 obtained from GenBank) and their characteristics.

		Whole genome			PCG^b	lrRNA		srRNA		A + T-rich region
Family/subfamily	Species	Size	A + T	No. codons^a	A + T	Size	A + T	Size	A + T	Size	A + T	Gen of Bank accession no.	References
		(bp)	(%)		(%)	(bp)	(%)	(bp)	(%)	(bp)	(%)
Papilionidae/Papilioninae	Troides aeacus	15,263	80.2	3745	79.1	1234	83.3	784	85.0	419	89.8	EU625344	Unpublished
	Papilio xuthus	13,964	80.0	3583	78.9	1327	83.6	598	84.5	—	—	EF176224	[63]
	Agehana maraho	16,094	80.5	3718	79.2	1333	83.7	779	85.5	1270	95.0	FJ810212	[49]
	Teinopalpus aureus	15,242	79.8	3720	78.3	1320	82.4	781	85.6	395	93.1	HM563681	[64]
	Parnassius bremeri	15,389	81.3	3723	80.2	1344	83.9	773	85.1	504	93.6	FJ871125	[13]
Papilionidae/Parnassiinae	Sericinus montela	15,242	80.8	3691	80.2	1338	83.6	759	84.6	408	94.1	HQ259122	[18]
	Luehdorfia chinensis	13,860	80.5	3551	79.6	1342	84.0	460	81.5	—	—	EU622524	Unpublished
Hesperiidae/Pyrginae	Ctenoptilum vasava	15,468	80.5	3698	78.9	1343	84.1	774	86.4	429	88.1	JF713818	[19]
Pieridae/Pierinae	Artogeia melete	15,140	79.8	3715	78.4	1319	83.4	777	85.5	351	89.2	NC_010568	[14]
	Pieris rapae	15,157	79.7	3722	78.3	1320	84.0	764	85.0	393	91.6	HM156697	[39]
Lycaenidae/Theclinae	Coreana raphaelis	15,314	82.7	3708	81.5	1330	85.3	777	85.8	375	94.1	DQ102703	[12]
	Protantigius superans	15,248	81.7	3712	80.3	1331	85.1	739	85.6	361	93.6	HQ184265	[65]
Lycaenidae/Aphnaeinae	Spindasis takanonis	15,349	82.4	3719	81.0	1333	85.6	777	84.7	371	94.6	HQ184266	[65]
	Apatura ilia	15,242	80.5	3711	78.9	1333	84.0	776	84.9	403	92.5	JF439725	[50]
Nymphalidae/Apaturinae	Sasakia charonda	15,244	79.9	3695	78.2	1323	84.4	775	85.0	380	91.8	NC_014224	Unpublished
	Sasakia  𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎^∗	15,222	79.9	3586	78.3	1311	84.2	775	85.0	380	91.8	NC_014223	Unpublished
Nymphalidae/Nymphalinae	Kallima inachus	15,183	80.3	3721	79.2	1335	82.7	774	85.1	376	92.0	JN857943	[66]
Nymphalidae/Heliconiinae	Argyreus hyperbius	15,156	80.8	3718	79.5	1330	84.5	778	85.2	349	95.4	JF439070	[37]
	Acraea issoria	15,245	79.7	3717	78.0	1331	83.9	788	83.7	430	96.0	GQ376195	[15]
Nymphalidae/Limenitidinae	Parathyma sulpitia	15,268	81.9	3729	80.6	1319	84.7	779	85.7	349	94.6	JQ347260	[17]
Nymphalidae/Calinaginae	Calinaga davidis	15,267	80.4	3737	78.9	1337	83.8	773	85.9	389	92.0	NC_015480	[67]
Nymphalidae/Danainae	Eumenis autonoe	15,489	79.1	3728	76.8	1335	83.7	775	85.3	678	94.5	GQ868707	[68]
Nymphalidae/Libytheinae	Libythea celtis	15,164	81.2	3722	80.0	1335	84.7	775	85.4	328	96.3	HQ378508	This study
Nymphalidae/Danainae	Euploea mulciber	15,166	81.5	3705	80.2	1314	84.6	776	85.3	399	93.5	HQ37507	This study
Lymantriidae	Lymantria dispar	15,569	79.9	3742	77.8	1351	84.2	799	85.2	435	96.1	NC_012893	[69]

^aTermination codons were excluded in total codon count. ^bProtein coding genes. The bar (—) indicates lack of sequence information on the A + T-rich region in the genome. ∗Sasakia charonda kuriyamaensis.