Hexagonal Manganites—(RMnO₃): Class (I) Multiferroics with Strong Coupling of Magnetism and Ferroelectricity

Figure 4

Characteristic spin structures according to the onedimensional irreducible representations of the little group 𝐺_𝐤 of 𝐤=0. The right and left columns correspond to the 𝛼 and 𝛽 models, respectively. The six Mn³⁺ ions shown represent the three ions of each layer around the origin of the magnetic unit cell, marked by “X” in Figure 3.