|
| Total% | Austria% | Germany% | The Netherlands% | F-values* | P |
|
(1) Professional interventions (22 items) | | | | | | |
Internal written materials | 85 | 90 | 90 | 67 | 22.584 | <.001 |
Internal consultations | 66 | 71 | 71 | 47 | 13.433 | <.001 |
Internal audits | 65 | 62 | 80 | 43 | 22.050 | <.001 |
Internal lectures | 63 | 62 | 73 | 45 | 13.896 | <.001 |
Regular team meetings about a clinical topic | 58 | 51 | 55 | 74 | 7.026 | .001 |
External lectures | 56 | 63 | 64 | 31 | 19.055 | <.001 |
Local opinion leaders | 55 | 70 | 58 | 21 | 33.755 | <.001 |
Written/manual reminders | 52 | 54 | 42 | 68 | 8.206 | <.001 |
Patient- and relative-mediated interventions | 50 | 56 | 51 | 36 | 6.109 | .002 |
Internal electronic materials | 49 | 56 | 47 | 39 | 3.388 | .035 |
External conferences | 49 | 69 | 47 | 19 | 36.794 | <.001 |
Internal workshops | 46 | 44 | 46 | 48 | .184 | .832 |
External consultations | 43 | 51 | 41 | 33 | 5.137 | .006 |
External audits | 42 | 34 | 52 | 39 | 5.562 | .004 |
Computerised reminders | 42 | 51 | 42 | 28 | 6.082 | .003 |
External workshops | 39 | 45 | 39 | 31 | 3.423 | .034 |
Supervision | 36 | 35 | 33 | 44 | 1.605 | .202 |
Internal training sessions | 35 | 30 | 37 | 39 | 2.045 | .131 |
External training sessions | 28 | 34 | 23 | 25 | 3.022 | .050 |
Other internal interventions | 16 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 1.262 | .284 |
External electronic training | 12 | 13 | 14 | 7 | 1.121 | .327 |
Other external interventions | 7 | 3 | 8 | 12 | 4.264 | .015 |
Mean total number of professional interventions | 9.7 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 8.2 | 10.430 | <.001 |
(2) Organisational interventions (19 items) | | | | | | |
Changes in patient record systems | 78 | 78 | 82 | 69 | 3.781 | .024 |
Individual patient participation in treatment decisions | 74 | 77 | 75 | 65 | 2.889 | .057 |
Efforts to improve nurses’ work satisfaction | 70 | 82 | 78 | 34 | 41.201 | <.001 |
Regular use of assessment instruments | 67 | 54 | 84 | 58 | 30.744 | <.001 |
Changes in structure and facilities of institution | 66 | 70 | 68 | 56 | 3.806 | .023 |
Management of patient complaints | 65 | 66 | 70 | 56 | 2.314 | .101 |
Additional staff qualifications | 58 | 58 | 56 | 62 | .458 | .633 |
Changes in size and type of services of the institution | 56 | 60 | 59 | 42 | 5.161 | .006 |
Multidisciplinary teams to support nursing | 52 | 53 | 47 | 57 | 1.354 | .260 |
Changes in professional responsibilities | 49 | 55 | 50 | 39 | 3.626 | .028 |
Case management | 41 | 40 | 34 | 57 | 6.754 | .001 |
Changing the right to access documentation | 38 | 48 | 38 | 19 | 9.656 | <.001 |
Changes in number of staff | 26 | 36 | 24 | 13 | 7.924 | <.001 |
Changes in composition of staff | 16 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 1.176 | .310 |
Participation of patient groups | 14 | 18 | 12 | 9 | 2.304 | .101 |
Use of telemedicine | 11 | 15 | 8 | 11 | 1.449 | .236 |
Other patient interventions | 10 | 9 | 10 | 12 | .144 | .866 |
Other structural changes | 9 | 6 | 7 | 17 | 5.713 | .004 |
Other personal changes | 9 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 1.251 | .288 |
Mean total number of organisational interventions | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 7.0 | 5.595 | .004 |
(3) Financial intervention (1 item) | | | | | | |
Availability of financial incentives for nurses | 10 | 7 | 8 | 21 | 8.070 | <.001 |
(4) Regulatory interventions (4 items) | | | | | | |
Inspecting authorities | 46 | 37 | 42 | 69 | 12.872 | <.001 |
Insurance companies | 34 | 25 | 45 | 31 | 7.473 | .001 |
Law | 33 | 28 | 40 | 27 | 3.093 | .047 |
Other regulatory interventions | 12 | 7 | 13 | 19 | 3.708 | .026 |
Mean total number of regulatory interventions | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 6.975 | .001 |
|
Mean total number of interventions used | 19.6 | 20.3 | 20.2 | 17.3 | 5.024 | .007 |
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