Research Article

Characterization of the Visceral Antinociceptive Effect of Glial Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 Upregulation by Ceftriaxone

Figure 1

(a)–(c) Intrathecal injection of dihydrokainate (DHK), a selective GLT-1 antagonist, reversed the attenuated visceromotor response induced by 1 wk ceftriaxone (CTX) at 0.3 mM and 0.03 mM, but not the 0.003 mM dose. (a) Mice that received 1 wk VEH + i.t. DHK (0.3 mM) showed an elevated visceromotor response relative to control (1 wk VEH + i.t. VEH). Treatment with i.t. DHK (0.3 mM) reversed the CTX-attenuated visceromotor response. (b) Mice treated with 1 wk VEH + i.t. DHK (0.03 mM) showed no difference in the visceromotor response relative to control ( ). Treatment with i.t. DHK (0.03 mM) reversed the CTX-attenuated visceromotor response. (c) In contrast, mice administered 1 wk CTX + i.t. DHK (0.003 mM) showed no reversal of the attenuated visceromotor response produced by 1 wk CTX + i.t. VEH.
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(c)