Growth Limiting pH, Water Activity, and Temperature for Neurotoxigenic Strains of Clostridium butyricum

Table 4

Studies on limiting solute concentrations and water activity values permitting growth of Clostridium butyricum.

Strains	Temperature (°C)	Growth medium	Solute	Concentration (%w/v)	Water activity^a	Reference
C. butyricum (non-toxigenic)	30	Broth; pH 6.6	NaCl	<1.5–2.5	0.985	Bergère and Hermier^b [3]
	30	Tryptone glucose broth	Sucrose	28	0.977	Spiegelberg [31]
	30	Tryptone glucose broth	Glucose	15	0.98	Spiegelberg [31]
	30	Tryptone glucose broth	NaCl	2.3	0.985	Spiegelberg [31]
	30	Liver infusion broth	NaCl	5.0	0.97	Gilliland and Vaughn [29]

aCalculated from original concentration or osmotic pressure data.
bInhibition of spore outgrowth.