Assessing Sediment-Nutrient Export Rate and Soil Degradation in Mai-Negus Catchment, Northern Ethiopia

Table 1

Biophysical description of the landforms in the Mai-Negus catchment, northern Ethiopia.

Landform	Area^e (%)	Land-use cover (%)^a				Lithology %^b			Slope, deg^c	Elevation, m^d
		Arable	Grazing	Bush and; Wood^f	Others^g	BM	LP	ST
Rolling hills	10.0	80	10	4	6	100	n.a.	n.a.	3–16	2150–2240
Mountainous	14.5	36	34	26	4	35	65	n.a.	4–79	2350–2650
Central ridge	25.5	70	13	5	12	5	95	n.a.	3–25	2230–2450
Valley	19.9	65	31	2	2	77	23	n.a.	0–6	2070–2100
Plateau	9.8	47	16	30	7	58	42	9	3–10	2500–2550
Escarpment	19.1	47	31	14	5	84	7	n.a.	3–30	2270–2540
Reservoir	1.2	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100	n.a.	n.a.	0	2060–2080

BM: basic metavolcanics; LP: lava pyroclastic; ST: sandstone; n.a.: not applicable.
aThe proportion of the land covers was derived from a Landsat image of November 2007 overlaid by the landform map.
bThis was derived by overlaying the landform map with the geology map of Ethiopia.
cDeveloped from digital elevation model (DEM).
dDerived from DEM.
eTotal catchment area is 12.40 km², and reservoir area is 0.15 km².
fIncludes closed area, plantations, and natural vegetation.
gIncludes settlements, rock-out crop, and marginalized areas.