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| Recent patents | Drugs used | Surfactants | Co-surfactants | Other ingredients | Description and outcome of the study |
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Sergio et al.,
WO 154985A1, 2011
[49] | Steroids (difluprednate), prostaglandin (latanoprost) NSAID ( diclofenac), antioxidant, and pegaptanib
| d-α-tocopheryl PEG 1000 succinate | Glycerol | Vitamin E,
MCT, and
disodium phosphate | The inventors developed o/w ME for encapsulation of water insoluble drugs for topical ophthalmic application. The developed ME carrier remained stable for a period of 6 months displaying a particle size of 15 nm without any signs of instability or separation |
|
Gobel, European patent
EP-
2485714A1, 2012
[50]
| Tacrolimus | Lecithin,
decyl glucoside,
span 80 (sorbitan monooleate), and
brij 30 (polyoxyethylene(4)lauryl ether)
| Pentylene glycol,
propylene glycol, and
PEG-20 | Dibutyl adipate,
isopropyl myristate, and
tartaric acid | The transparent o/w ME for delivery of immunosuppressant agent tacrolimus is subjected to HET-CAM test and claimed to be free from signs of irritation. The particle size range varied from 5 to 100 nm. Additionally, the tacrolimus ME was found to penetrate efficiently the stratum corneum tissue and reach the dermis due to presence of lymphocyte, which is the target for the active ingredient |
|
Carli et al.,
US Patent US 8414904B2, 2013
[51] | Prostaglandin analogue
(latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost) | Tween 80,
brij 52, 56, 58 | Tween 20 | Ethyl oleate,
miglyol 812,
ricinus oil
sorbitol,
glycerol,
chlorobutanol, and
buffer (pH 7.4) | o/w MEs composed of prostaglandin formulated with two nonionic surfactants and one oily component displayed a particle size not more than 700 nm and a low zeta potential of +2 to −2 due to the use of nonionic surfactants as emulsifying agents. The formulation was claimed to be free from any signs of irritation on rabbit eyes. The ME remained stable for a period of 12 months |
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