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Research Article

Dramatic Increases in Obesity and Overweight Prevalence among Asian Subgroups in the United States, 1992–2011

Table 5

Observed and adjusted prevalence and odds of obesity and overweight and mean body mass index (BMI) among 18 joint racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status (SES) groups: United States, 2006–2011.


Racial/ethnic-SES group	Observed prevalence¹		Adjusted odds ratio²		Adjusted prevalence²		BMI
Racial/ethnic-SES group	%	SE	OR	95% CI	%	SE	Mean	SE

	Obesity						Observed BMI

Non-Hispanic white, low SES	32.5	1.1	8.15	4.32–15.36	32.9	1.2	28.2	0.2
Non-Hispanic white, middle SES	28.3	0.3	6.45	3.45–12.07	28.1	0.3	27.6	0.0
Non-Hispanic white, high SES	19.8	0.4	3.61	1.94–6.71	18.1	0.4	26.5	0.1
Chinese, low SES	4.7	2.6	1.47	0.38–5.71	8.4	4.6	23.1	0.4
Chinese, middle SES	5.0	0.9	1.46	0.69–3.09	8.3	1.4	23.6	0.2
Chinese, high SES	4.3	1.3	1.00	Reference	5.9	1.7	23.0	0.2
Asian Indian, low SES	7.9	6.6	2.06	0.30–13.99	11.3	9.1	25.8	0.8
Asian Indian, middle SES	14.7	2.1	5.55	2.80–10.99	25.2	3.2	25.0	0.2
Asian Indian, high SES	7.0	1.1	2.13	1.04–4.38	11.7	1.9	24.5	0.2
Filipino, low SES	29.2	7.0	12.38	4.87–31.43	42.3	8.0	27.7	0.9
Filipino, middle SES	18.9	1.6	5.63	2.91–10.90	25.5	1.9	26.2	0.2
Filipino, high SES	13.0	2.0	3.10	1.50–6.43	16.0	2.4	25.8	0.3
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, low SES	20.1	11.2	8.75	1.80–42.58	34.4	16.1	27.2	1.4
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, middle SES	38.5	4.0	14.69	7.03–30.70	46.4	4.2	30.2	1.0
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, high SES	17.2	8.3	4.17	1.20–14.52	20.3	9.1	26.1	1.0
Other Asians, low SES³	9.0	2.3	2.82	1.24–6.42	14.8	3.4	24.8	0.4
Other Asians, middle SES³	8.5	0.7	2.37	1.27–4.40	12.7	1.1	24.2	0.1
Other Asians, high SES³	6.1	1.1	1.38	0.63–3.00	7.9	1.4	23.7	0.2

	Overweight						Adjusted BMI²

Non-Hispanic white, low SES	61.3	1.2	4.86	3.65–6.47	63.1	1.3	28.3	0.2
Non-Hispanic white, middle SES	62.5	0.3	4.78	3.68–6.20	62.7	0.3	27.6	0.0
Non-Hispanic white, high SES	56.8	0.5	3.10	2.38–4.03	52.9	0.5	26.0	0.1
Chinese, low SES	27.5	5.4	1.46	0.79–2.68	35.8	6.1	24.6	0.4
Chinese, middle SES	31.0	1.9	1.79	1.33–2.42	40.4	2.0	25.1	0.2
Chinese, high SES	24.4	2.3	1.00	Reference	28.2	2.5	23.7	0.2
Asian Indian, low SES	62.9	9.5	5.73	2.37–13.82	66.5	9.0	26.6	0.8
Asian Indian, middle SES	44.8	2.4	3.67	2.71–4.97	56.8	2.3	26.7	0.2
Asian Indian, high SES	40.7	2.2	2.45	1.74–3.46	47.5	2.5	25.7	0.2
Filipino, low SES	63.6	7.5	8.59	4.00–18.45	74.4	6.4	29.3	0.9
Filipino, middle SES	54.4	1.7	4.49	3.35–6.01	61.3	1.6	27.2	0.2
Filipino, high SES	51.4	2.7	3.49	2.49–4.89	55.7	2.5	26.4	0.3
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, low SES	73.6	13.3	13.30	4.17–42.39	81.4	8.2	29.0	1.3
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, middle SES	72.5	3.4	11.08	6.99–17.57	78.7	2.9	31.2	1.0
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, high SES	57.0	10.9	4.79	2.05–11.16	62.7	9.2	26.7	0.8
Other Asians, low SES	44.1	5.0	3.12	1.84–5.30	53.1	5.2	26.1	0.4
Other Asians, middle SES	35.8	1.3	2.12	1.59–2.82	44.2	1.4	25.4	0.1
Other Asians, high SES	33.1	2.4	1.49	1.07–2.07	36.3	2.4	24.2	0.2

OR: odds ratio; SE: standard error; CI: confidence interval. Low SES: education <12 years and family income below poverty level. High SES: education ≥16 years and family income ≥400% of poverty threshold.
¹Weighted prevalence.
²Adjusted prevalence was derived from fitted logistic or OLS regression models that included survey year, age, gender, racial/ethnic-socioeconomic group, marital status, and region of residence.