International Scholarly Research Notices

Research Article

Outcomes of Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients Undergoing General and Vascular Surgery

Table 2

Logistic regression models for predicting 30-day mortality.


Variable	Model 1—entire sample	Model 2—diabetics with general surgery subgroup	Model 3—diabetics with vascular surgery subgroup
	Model R-square
	0.333	0.300	0.165
	Odds ratio (95% CI)	Odds ratio (95% CI)	Odds ratio (95% CI)

Diabetes
Nondiabetic	Reference category
Diabetic—oral	0.78 (0.70, 0.86)*	Reference category	Reference category
Diabetic—insulin	0.83 (0.75, 0.92)*	1.18 (1.00, 1.39)	1.06 (0.83, 1.35)
Anesthesia technique
General	Reference category	Reference category	Reference category
Epidural	0.46 (0.24, 0.91)*	0.00 (0.00, α)	0.85 (0.34, 2.11)
Spinal	0.87 (0.68, 1.09)	0.25 (0.06, 1.01)	1.25 (0.85, 1.82)
Regional	0.48 (0.30, 0.76)*	1.08 (0.14, 8.16)	0.29 (0.11, 0.79)
Local	0.43 (0.19, 0.95)*	0.00 (0.00, α)	0.09 (0.003, 2.33)
Monitored anesthesia care	0.78 (0.64, 0.96)*	0.97 (0.62, 1.51)	0.96 (0.62, 1.49)
Other	1.06 (0.46, 2.44)	1.14 (0.15, 8.69)	0.00 (0.00, α)
None	3.60 (1.03, 12.6)*	0.00 (0.00, α)	0.00 (0.00, α)
Surgical specialty: vascular	1.57 (1.42, 1.72)*
Male gender	0.99 (0.92, 1.06)	1.15 (0.98, 1.35)	0.92 (0.75, 1.16)
Ventilator dependent	2.19 (1.93, 2.49)*	2.13 (1.63, 2.79)*	3.54 (2.13, 5.88)*
COPD	1.61 (1.47, 1.76)*	1.54 (1.26, 1.88)*	1.54 (1.17, 2.02)*
Cardiac risk factors	1.57 (1.43, 1.72)*	1.18 (0.91, 1.152)	1.49 (0.87, 2.53)
On dialysis	1.39 (1.24, 1.56)*	1.85 (1.46, 2.35)*	1.88 (1.46, 2.42)*
Steroid use	1.31 (1.16, 1.48)*	1.29 (0.98, 1.70)	1.15 (0.73, 1.8)
10% weight loss	2.81 (2.45, 3.22)*	2.73 (1.98, 3.77)*	2.25 (1.24, 4.08)*
Sepsis
None	Reference category	Reference category	Reference category
Sepsis	2.62 (2.32, 2.96)*	2.49 (1.92, 3.23)*	1.84 (1.26, 2.68)*
Septic shock	3.39 (2.93, 3.94)*	3.89 (2.85, 5.34)*	3.42 (1.91, 6.14)*
SIRS	2.30 (2.08, 2.55)*	2.13 (1.67, 2.73)*	1.80 (1.29, 2.53)*
Emergent case	2.33 (2.15, 2.53)*	2.09 (1.73, 2.53)*	2.35 (1.78, 3.11)*
ASA class
No ASA class assigned	Reference category	0.00 (0.00, α)	Reference category
No disturbance	0. 44 (0.014, 0.14)*	0.00 (0.00, α)	0.00 (0.00, α)
Mild disturbance	0.20 (0.08, 0.49)*	0.06 (0.033, 0.107)*	0.21 (0.005, 8.64)*
Severe disturbance	1.53 (0.62, 3.78)	0.20 (0.13, 0.32)*	0.41 (0.11, 15.2)*
Life threatening	5.40 (2.19, 13.2)*	0.64 (0.42, 0.99)*	0.89 (0.024, 33.0)*
Moribund	13.6 (5.44, 33.9)*	Reference category**	5.37 (0.13, 217.5)*
Wound classification
Clean	Reference category	Reference category	Reference category
Clean/contaminated	2.01 (1.82, 2.22)*	2.40 (1.87, 3.09)*	2.03 (1.39, 2.96)*
Contaminated	1.88 (1.66, 2.14)*	2.45 (1.80, 3.33)*	1.34 (0.89, 2.02)
Dirty/infected	1.78 (1.58, 1.99)*	2.37 (1.76, 3.18)*	0.99 (0.71, 1.40)

Values expressed as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals x, y). *Significance at . **Moribund category is used as the reference category as there were no cases designated as “not assigned” or “no disturbance” and odds ratios could not be calculated in reference to these categories. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists, SIRS: systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and CI: confidence interval.