Expression and Regulation of Facilitative Glucose Transporters in Equine Insulin-Sensitive Tissue: From Physiology to Pathology

Figure 3

Biochemical pathways underlying glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in the skeletal muscle after a high soluble carbohydrate diet. Insulin (1) activates GLUT4 translocation to enhance glucose uptake; (2) activates protein phosphatase, which converts glycogen synthase from its inactive form (D) to its active form (I); and (3) inhibits glycogenolytic enzymes such as phosphorylase a. G-6-P: glucose-6-phosphate; G-1-P: glucose-1-phosphate. Modified from [47].