Research Article
The Occurrence of Laryngeal Penetration and Aspiration in Patients with Glottal Closure Insufficiency
Table 2
Penetration-aspiration scale.
| Category | Score | Descriptions |
| No penetration or aspiration | 1 | Contrast does not enter the airway |
| Penetration | 2 | Contrast enters the airway and remains above vocal folds; no residue | 3 | Contrast remains above vocal folds; visible residue remains | 4 | Contrast contacts vocal folds; no residue | 5 | Contrast contacts vocal folds; visible residue remains |
| Aspiration | 6 | Contrast passes glottis; no subglottic residue visible | 7 | Contrast passes glottis; visible subglottic residue despite patient’s response | 8 | Contrast passes glottis; visible subglottic residue; absent patient response |
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