Review Article
Cholangiocarcinoma: Biology, Clinical Management, and Pharmacological Perspectives
Table 4
TNM staging system for dCCAs (7th edition).
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T1: tumor confined to the ductal wall; T2: tumor beyond the ductal wall; T3: tumor invades adjacent organs; T4: tumor invades celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery. N0: no regional lymph node metastasis; N1: regional lymph node metastasis. M0: no distant metastasis; M1: distant metastasis. |