Retrograde Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: Description of a New Technique and Early Perioperative Outcomes

Table 1

Preoperative, operative, and postoperative patient demographics and outcomes for 18 patients undergoing retrograde robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy.

Patient and procedure variables	Outcome
Preoperative
Mean age, years (range)	59 (42–76)
Mean BMI, kg/m^2 (range)	28 (21–37)
Mean PSA, ng/mL (range)	6.0 (1.2–23.0)
Mean IPSS (median)	8 (8)
Mean SHIM (median)	19 (23)
Biopsy Gleason score	6 (𝑁=9)
	7 (𝑁=7)
	8 (𝑁=2)
Clinical T stage	T1c (𝑁=14)
	T2a (𝑁=4)
Operative
Mean operative time, min (range)	198 (150–300)
Mean robotic console time, min (range)	168 (118–265)
Nerve-sparing procedure	Total (𝑁=10)
	Partial (𝑁=6)
	None (𝑁=2)
Bladder-neck sparing procedure	Yes (𝑁=16)
	No (𝑁=2)
Pelvic lymph node dissection	Yes (𝑁=3)
	No (𝑁=15)
Mean EBL, mL (range)	142 (40–300)
Postoperative
Final Gleason score	6 (𝑁=8)
	7 (𝑁=9)
	8 (𝑁=1)
Multifocal cancer	Yes (𝑁=14)
	No (𝑁=4)
Margin status	Negative (𝑁=15)
	Positive (𝑁=3)
Location of positive margin	Bladder neck (𝑁=2)
	Apex (𝑁=1)
Lymph node invasion	Yes (𝑁=1)
	No (𝑁=2)
	Unknown (𝑁=15)
Pathologic T stage	T2a (𝑁=4)
	T2c (𝑁=11)
	T3a (𝑁=1)
	T3b (𝑁=2)
Mean hospital stay, days (range)	2 (1–3)
Transfusions	None
30-day complications	𝑁=2^∗

BMI: Body Mass Index, PSA: Prostate Specific Antigen, IPSS: International Prostate Symptom Score, SHIM: Sexual Health Inventory for Men, and EBL: estimated blood loss.
∗Both patients with deep-vein thrombosis.