Electronically Tunable Differential Integrator: Linear Voltage Controlled Quadrature Oscillator

Table 2

Comparative summary on the characteristics of some recent quadrature oscillators.

Reference	Device used	Electronic tunability	(KHz) reported	Linear tuning law	THD (%)
[9]	VOA	No	160	No	No mention
[10]	CFA	Yes	80	Yes	2.0
[12]	CDBA	Yes	900	No	3.1
[11]	CFOA	No	159	No	3.16
[14]	CDTA	Yes	1730	No	3.0
[15]	DDCC	No	1060	No	No mention
[16]	CCCCTA	Yes	1100	No	1.15~2.94
[13]	CDBA	No	16	No	1.94
[17]	OTA	Yes	64	Yes	No mention
[18]	DVCCTA	Yes	348	No	4.66
[19]	DVCCTA	Yes	3183	No	No mention
Proposed	CFA-MMCC	Yes	1800	Yes	2.1

Frequency stability in proposed design; also reported in [10]; no mention of in other references above.