Food Production and Processing Considerations of Allergenic Food Ingredients: A Review

Table 1

Lowest amount of allergenic food to elicit an observed objective adverse effect (LOAEL) and limit of detection of contaminants (allergens) in foods.

Contaminant	LOAEL; (mg of protein)	Method of detection	LOD (ppm)
Peanuts	0.25–10	ELISA	0.1
Soybeans	88–522	ELISA	0.016
Tree nuts	0.02–7.5	ELISA	0.06
Sesame seeds	30	ELISA	0.2
Gluten	20–100	ELISA	0.6
Mustard seeds	1–936	ELISA	1
Milk	0.36–3.6	ELISA	0.00004
Egg	0.13–1.0	ELISA	0.05
Seafood	1–100	ELISA	0.0009
Sulphites		Monier-Williams distillation	10

Data from multiple sources [165, 171–175]; LOAEL—lowest observed adverse effect level; LOD—limit of detection; empty cell means no data was found.