Serpin Inhibition Mechanism: A Delicate Balance between Native Metastable State and Polymerization

Table 2

Serpins and their known protease and nonprotease ligands.

Serpin	Non protease ligands	Protease target
Antithrombin	Heparin, heparin sulfate	Thrombin, factor Xa, factor IXa
Antichymotrypsin	DNA, Aβ 1–42 peptide	Cathepsin G
Alpha-1 Proteinase inhibitor	—	Neutrophil elastase
C1-Inhibitor	Heparin, collagen	Cls of complement system
Headpin	—	Lysosomal cathepsin
Heparin CofactorII	Heparin, dermatan sulfate	Thrombin
HSP47	Collagen	—
Kallistatin	Heparin	Tissue Kallikerin
Maspin	Collagen	—
MENT	DNA	Nuclear cysteine proteinase
Plasminogen Activator inhibitor-1	Heparin, heparin sulfate, vitronectin	tPA, uPA, thrombin, aPC
Protein C inhibitor	Heparin, retinoic acid	uPA, thrombin, aPC
Protease nexin-1	Heparin, collagen	Thrombin uPA
Thyroxine Binding Globulin	Thyroxine, triiodothyronine	—
Protein Z dependent protease inhibitors (ZPI)	Protein Z	Factor Xa