Table 1:
Phytochemicals that are known to activate the Nrf2/Keap1 signalling pathway in human and animal systems with identified mechanisms.
Phytochemical
Keap1
Nrf2
References
Oxidation
Alkylation
Ubiquitination
Phosphorylation
Sulforaphane
−
+
?
?
[
199
,
200
]
Curcumin
+
−
−
?
[
201
]
Epigallocatechin gallate
+
[
202
]
Allyl sulfides
?
+
[
203
,
204
]
Resveratrol
+
[
205
]
Capsaicin
+
[
206
]
-Shogaol
+
[
207
]
Lycopene
[
208
]
Carnosol
+
[
209
]
Xanthohumol
+
[
210
]