Exploring Spatial Associations between On-Sale Alcohol Availability, Neighborhood Population Characteristics, and Violent Crime in a Geographically Isolated City

Table 1

Descriptive summary statistics for violent crime, on-sale alcohol outlets, and neighborhood sociodemographic variables, 2005–2009, Lubbock, Texas (𝑛=170).

	Mean	Standard deviation
Neighborhood variables included in the model
Percent Hispanic	30.9	24.5
Percent Black	8.6	15.2
Percent families below poverty	16.5	20.0
Percent owner occupied	55.6	27.7
Percent residential stability	73.0	17.7
Population density	4261	2764
Outlet density (per 1000)	1.3	3.9
Violent crime (per 1000)	44.1	75.0
Assault	31.7	42.9
Robbery	10.6	38.1
Rape	2.9	3.2
Murder	1.2	0.9