Journal of Addiction

Research Article

Understanding Nonprescription and Prescription Drug Misuse in Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood

Table 3

Results of binary logistic regression analyses predicting misuse from risk perception, societal stigma, and access.


	Prescription			Nonprescription		No Distinction
	Pain OR (95% CI)	Sedatives and Tranquilizers OR (95% CI)	Stimulants OR (95% CI)	Pain OR (95% CI)	Sleep OR (95% CI)	Cough/Cold OR (95% CI)

Step 1	(.06)	(.10)	(.08)	(.02)	(.03)	(.04)

Age	1.06 (.75, 1.49)	1.20 (.76, 1.88)	1.73** (1.27, 2.36)	1.03 (.75, 1.41)	.85 (.47, 1.54)	1.21(.89, 1.66)
Gender	.68 (.37, 1.25)	.59 (.24, 1.44)	.94 (.48, 1.84)	.61 (.35, 1.06)	1.65 (.63, 4.34)	.54 (.28, 1.04)
Ethnicity^a
Black	.20** (.07, .56)	.16** (.04, .63)	.50 (.13, 1.88)	2.54 (.33, 19.71)	.75 (.09, 6.02)	.00^b
Asian	.00^b	.00^b	.00^b	.95 (.05, 16.50)	.74 (.04, 12.95)	.00^b
Hispanic	.19 (.03, 1.10)	.22 (.02, 2.37)	.18 (.02, 2.114)	3.63 (.37, 36.83)	.00^b	.00^b
Other	.30 (.09, 1.03)	.67 (.15, 2.96)	.32 (.06, 1.66)	2.67 (.31, 23.19)	1.02 (.11, 9.92)	.00^b

Step 2	(.28)	(.31)	(.31)	(.30)	(.29)	(.27)

Age	1.00 (.66, 1.51)	.90 (.45, 1.80)	2.18*** (1.48, 3.21)	.94 (.65, 1.35)	.77 (.42, 1.40)	1.28 (.89, 1.83)
Gender	.96 (.47, 1.99)	.49 (.15, 1.54)	1.23 (.55, 2.72)	.67 (.35, 1.26)	1.64 (.56, 4.80)	.52 (.25, 1.10)
Ethnicity^a
Black	.23* (.07, .76)	.09** (.02, .54)	.66 (.13, 3.41)	2.52 (.29, 21.93)	.38 (.04, 4.11)	.00^b
Asian	.00^b	.00^b	.00^b	.65 (.03, 13.66)	1.53 (.06, 40.06)	.00^b
Hispanic	.09* (.01, .72)	.18 (.01, 3.15)	.21 (.01, 3.41)	3.35 (.28, 40.55)	.00^b	.00^b
Other	.29 (.07, 1.22)	.48 (.08, 3.07)	.85 (.12, 6.00)	.62 (.25, 1.51)	1.21 (.09, 17.02)	.00^b
PR	.78* (.64, .96)	.63** (.46, .87)	.71** (.56, .91)	.84 (.67, 1.04)	.91 (.69, 1.20)	1.00 (.79, 1.27)
PSSD	1.42 (.42, 4.89)	.28 (.07, 1.14)	.62 (.19, 2.02)	.62 (.25, 1.51)	.56 (.14, 2.28)	.65 (.23, 1.81)
PSS:
Parent	.92 (.63, 1.34)	21.03* (1.9, 229.7)	.77 (.52, 1.15)	1.08 (.77, 1.51)	.81 (.49, 1.34)	.93 (.64, 1.35)
Peer	.52*** (.36, .75)	.84 (.47, 1.50)	.56** (.36, .87)	.70 (.48, 1.02)	.69 (.39, 1.19)	.52** (.34, .79)
Peer use	1.12 (.97, 1.32)	1.50** (1.16, 1.94)	1.15 (.98, 1.35)	1.24*** (1.12, 1.36)	1.14 (.89, 1.46)	1.19** (1.06, 1.33)
Access
School	2.09* (1.01, 4.35)	1.87 (.60, 5.76)	1.54 (.65, 3.63)	1.26 (.64, 2.47)	1.03 (.36, 2.90)	1.55 (.73, 3.30)
Home	1.69 (.84, 3.42)	3.57 (.75, 16.90)	1.14 (.36, 3.57)	.10 (.01, 1.27)	16.5 (3.4, 79.1)***	.00^b

PR: perceived risk; PSS: perceived societal stigma; PSSD: prescription safer than street drug; : change in Nagelkerke at each step; ^aWhite/Caucasian is the comparison group;^bodds ratio cannot be computed due to extremely large standard error.
* , **, ***.