High Rates of Tramadol Use among Treatment-Seeking Adolescents in Malmö, Sweden: A Study of Hair Analysis of Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use

Table 2

Positive hair specimens in opioid positive and opioid negative patients, (excluding nonsynthetic cannabinoids).

Positive hair specimens	Opioid positive ()	Opioid negative ()
Tramadol
Methadone
Codeine
Synthetic cannabinoids, “spice”
Cocaine
Amphetamine
MDMA
Diazepam
Patients, positive for any nonopioid drug	7	5

A patient could be positive on more than one hair specimen.