Proposal of Damping Function for Low-Reynolds-Number 𝑘-𝜀 Model Applicable in Prediction of Turbulent Viscoelastic-Fluid Flow

Figure 3

Premultiplied one-dimensional spanwise energy spectra of streamwise velocity fluctuation in drag-reducing viscoelastic flow at Re_𝜏=395. (a) Wi_𝜏=10, 𝛽=0.8 and (b) Wi_𝜏=30, 𝛽=0.5.