Journal of Applied Mathematics

Research Article

Modified Biogeography-Based Optimization with Local Search Mechanism

Table 6

Scalability study at Dim = 10, 50, and 100 after Dim * 10,000 NFFEs for CEC 2005 test functions F1–F14.


	MLBBO	DE	BBO	DE/BBO	aBBOmDE
	Mean(std)	Mean(std)	Mean(std)	Mean(std)	Mean(std)

dim = 10
F1		⁺	⁺	^~
F2		^~	⁺	^~
F3		)^~	⁺	⁺
F4		^~	⁺	⁺
F5		^~	⁺	⁺
F6		^~	⁺	⁺
F7		⁺	⁺	⁻
F8		^~	^~	^~
F9		⁺	⁺	^~
F10		⁺	⁺	^~
F11		^~	⁺	⁻	—
F12		^~	⁺	^~	—
F13		⁺	⁻	^~	—
F14		^~	⁺	⁺	—
dim = 50
F1		⁺	⁺	⁻
F2		⁺	⁺	⁺
F3		⁺	⁺	⁺
F4		⁺	⁺	⁺
F5		⁻	⁺	⁻
F6		^~	⁺	⁺
F7		^~	⁺	⁻
F8		^~	⁻	^~
F9		⁺	⁺	^~
F10		⁺	⁺	⁺
F11		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
F12		^~	⁺	^~	—
F13		⁺	⁻	⁻	—
F14		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
dim = 100
F1		⁺	⁺	⁻	—
F2		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
F3		^~	⁺	⁺	—
F4		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
F5		⁻	⁺	⁻	—
F6		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
F7		^~	⁺	^~	—
F8		^~	⁻	^~	—
F9		⁺	⁺	⁺	—
F10		⁺	^~	⁺	—

Note: “+”, “−”, and “~” indicate that MLBBO is significantly better, worse, and indifferent, respectively, compared with other algorithms.