A Phantom-Node Method with Edge-Based Strain Smoothing for Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics

<table>The convergence in the energy norm versus <svg height="13.55" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.0125 13.55" width="10.0125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,12.725)"><path d="M499 88q-41 -46 -83.5 -73t-68.5 -27q-41 0 -19 98l52 225q10 43 8 59.5t-16 16.5q-37 0 -112 -65t-117 -135q-14 -42 -38 -179q-36 -7 -75 -20l-7 8l127 594q8 40 2.5 49t-35.5 9h-35l5 25q36 3 71.5 13t56.5 18t25 8q11 0 3 -38l-88 -417h2q77 102 195 167q44 24 79 24
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</svg> (mesh size) for a sheet with an edge crack under shear.</table>

Journal of Applied Mathematics

fig18

Figure 18

Figure 18: A Phantom-Node Method with Edge-Based Strain Smoothing for Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics 