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S. number | Authors/model | Dependent variables in the model | Independent variables in the model | Study area | Remarks |
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1 | Hodges et al. (1975) | (i) Roughness (ii) Cracking | Traffic loading, pavement strength Traffic loading, pavement strength | Kenya | Data collected from pavements with cement treated bases in 80% of the sample [7] |
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2 |
Queiroz and Hudson (1982) | (i) Cracking initiation (ii) Cracking progression (iii) Roughness progression | Pavement strength Age, traffic loading, and pavement strength Age, traffic loading, and pavement strength | Brazil | The following conditions were not included (i) Thick bituminous pavements (ii) Granular base (iii) Different pavement width [8] |
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3 | George et al. (1989) | (i) Pavement composite condition in 0–100 scale | Age, traffic loading, and pavement strength | Mississippi | Developed for the conditions prevailing in Mississippi state [9] |
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4 | CRRI Model (1994) | (i) Cracking (ii) Potholing (iii) Raveling (iv) Roughness | Traffic loading and pavement strength Traffic loading and pavement strength Traffic loading and construction quality Age, traffic loading, and pavement strength | India | Data collected from National and State Highways in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana states [10] |
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5 | Reddy and Veeraragavan (1997) | (i) Rut depth (ii) Deflection growth (iii) Crack growth | Age, initial rut, and traffic loading Age, traffic loading. and initial deflection Age, traffic loading, and deflection | India | Data collected from National Highways in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu states in India [11] |
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6 | HDM-4 (2000) | (i) Cracking (ii) Potholing (iii) Edge break (iv) Raveling (v) Rutting (vi) Roughness (vii) Texture depth (vii) Skid resistance | Traffic loading, pavement strength, and construction quality Traffic loading, environment, and construction quality Traffic loading and environmental condition Age and traffic loading Traffic loading and pavement strength Age, traffic loading, pavement strength, and environmental condition Traffic loading Age and traffic loading | Romania India Thailand Pakistan Bangladesh Brazil Kosovo Nepal Mexico Vietnam Morocco Kyrgyz | (i) Models are complex (ii) Requires large number of input variables (iii) Need to be calibrated for local conditions [12] |
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7 | AASHTO model (2001) | Present serviceability index | Age and traffic loading | USA | (i) Accelerated study (ii) Study period is only two years (iii) Little information on long term environmental effect [13] |
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8 | Tare et al. (2013) | Pavement Condition Index (PCI) | Time in year, CVPD, annual rainfall, and subgrade moisture content (%) | India | Data collected from State and National Highways in Jhabua, Indore, and Dhar districts of Madhya Pradesh in India [14] |
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9 | Prasad et al. (2013) | Roughness | Crack and potholes | Jhunjhunu and Churu districts of Rajasthan, India | Model is limited to village roads in Jhunjhunu and Churu districts only [15] |
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