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| Analytical techniques | Chromatographic or spectroscopic methods |
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| Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniques | High-performance TLC (HPTLC), microemulsion TLC (ME-TLC), and so forth |
| Gas chromatography (GC) techniques | GC-MS, two-dimensional GC (GC × GC), and so forth |
| High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques | HPLC-UV, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-ELSD, HPLC-FLD, HPLC-RID, HPLC-MS, HPLC-CEAD, HPLC-ESI/TOF-MS, UPLC-ESI/TOF-MS, and so forth |
| Capillary electrophoresis (CE) techniques | CE, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), nonaqueous CE (NACE), capillary electrochromatography (CEC), and so forth |
| Infrared spectroscopy (IR) techniques | FT-IR, two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR), and so forth |
| Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) techniques | NIR, two-dimensional near-infrared (2D-NIR), and so forth |
| Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques | Quantitative NMR (qNMR), diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOS) NMR, three-dimensional DOSY NMR, and so forth |
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