Research Article
Size and Shape: Morphology's Impact on Human Speed and Mobility
Table 3
Lower limb bone measures .
| | | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | | Area | Population | Femur | Femur | Tibia | Tibia | Crural | Crural | Source | | | | | | | | | |
| | East Africa | 0.0625 | 0.0690 | 0.0700 | 0.0673 | | | [92] | | Egypt | 0.0435 | 0.0485 | 0.0497 | 0.0490 | | | [92] | | Egypt Naqada | 0.0537 | 0.0486 | 0.0559 | 0.0496 | 0.0357 | 0.0219 | [93] | | Later Stone Age Southern Cape | 0.0503 | 0.0716 | | | 0.0259 | 0.0250 | [94] | Africa | Nubia | 0.0465 | 0.0392 | 0.0617 | 0.0383 | | | [92] | | Pygmy | 0.0477 | 0.0528 | 0.0635 | 0.0480 | | | [92] | | San | 0.0554 | 0.0498 | 0.0640 | 0.0545 | | | [92] | | Sudan | 0.0714 | 0.0516 | 0.0782 | 0.0676 | | | [92] | | West Africa | 0.0230 | 0.0853 | 0.0402 | 0.1105 | | | [92] |
| | Arene Candide | 0.0394 | | 0.0331 | | | | [95] | | Anglo-Saxon | 0.0532 | 0.0526 | 0.0623 | 0.0552 | | | [92] | | Bohemia | 0.0447 | 0.0576 | 0.0544 | 0.0659 | | | [92] | | Bosnia | 0.0508 | 0.0503 | 0.0578 | 0.0568 | | | [92] | | England | 0.0560 | 0.0456 | 0.0681 | 0.0464 | | | [92] | | France | 0.0454 | 0.0462 | 0.0582 | 0.0584 | | | [92] | Europe | Germany | 0.0525 | 0.0464 | 0.0570 | 0.0436 | | | [92] | Norse | 0.0691 | 0.0528 | 0.0365 | 0.0589 | | | [92] | | Oleni Ostrov | 0.0378 | 0.0400 | 0.0490 | 0.0146 | | | [95] | | Skateholm | 0.0411 | 0.0390 | 0.0494 | 0.0418 | | | [95] | | Ukrainian Mesolithic | 0.0390 | 0.0437 | 0.0495 | 0.0262 | | | [95] | | Ukrainian Neolithic | 0.0448 | 0.0304 | 0.0608 | 0.0406 | | | [95] | | Vedbaek | 0.0516 | 0.0351 | | 0.0600 | | | [95] | | Vlasac | 0.0497 | 0.0384 | 0.0755 | 0.0196 | | | [95] |
| | Ainu | 0.0514 | 0.0409 | 0.0475 | 0.0427 | | | [96] | Japan | Jomon | 0.0449 | 0.0380 | 0.0511 | 0.0465 | | | [96] | | Kanto | 0.0514 | 0.0499 | 0.0576 | 0.0543 | | | [96] |
| Australasia | Maori | 0.0413 | 0.0379 | | | | | [97] |
| | Eskimo | 0.0514 | 0.0511 | | | 0.0337 | 0.0301 | [98] | North America | Indian | 0.0484 | 0.0491 | | | 0.0278 | 0.0256 | [98] | Kwakiutl | 0.0668 | 0.0183 | 0.0668 | 0.0406 | 0.0198 | 0.0268 | [99] | | Salish | 0.0648 | 0.0440 | 0.0577 | 0.0279 | 0.0222 | 0.0247 | [99] |
| South America | Tierra del Fuego | 0.0370 | 0.0000 | 0.0455 | 0.0259 | 0.0278 | 0.0259 | [100] |
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