Research Article

Size and Shape: Morphology's Impact on Human Speed and Mobility

Table 3

Lower limb bone measures 𝑐 𝑣 .

Male Female Male Female Male Female
AreaPopulationFemurFemurTibiaTibiaCruralCruralSource
𝑐 𝑣 𝑐 𝑣 𝑐 𝑣 𝑐 𝑣 𝑐 𝑣 𝑐 𝑣

East Africa0.06250.06900.07000.0673[92]
Egypt0.04350.04850.04970.0490[92]
Egypt Naqada0.05370.04860.05590.04960.03570.0219[93]
Later Stone Age
Southern Cape
0.05030.07160.02590.0250[94]
AfricaNubia0.04650.03920.06170.0383[92]
Pygmy0.04770.05280.06350.0480[92]
San0.05540.04980.06400.0545[92]
Sudan0.07140.05160.07820.0676[92]
West Africa0.02300.08530.04020.1105[92]

Arene Candide0.03940.0331[95]
Anglo-Saxon0.05320.05260.06230.0552[92]
Bohemia0.04470.05760.05440.0659[92]
Bosnia0.05080.05030.05780.0568[92]
England0.05600.04560.06810.0464[92]
France0.04540.04620.05820.0584[92]
EuropeGermany0.05250.04640.05700.0436[92]
Norse0.06910.05280.03650.0589[92]
Oleni Ostrov0.03780.04000.04900.0146[95]
Skateholm0.04110.03900.04940.0418[95]
Ukrainian Mesolithic0.03900.04370.04950.0262[95]
Ukrainian Neolithic0.04480.03040.06080.0406[95]
Vedbaek0.05160.03510.0600[95]
Vlasac0.04970.03840.07550.0196[95]

Ainu0.05140.04090.04750.0427[96]
JapanJomon0.04490.03800.05110.0465[96]
Kanto0.05140.04990.05760.0543[96]

AustralasiaMaori0.04130.0379[97]

Eskimo0.05140.05110.03370.0301[98]
North AmericaIndian0.04840.04910.02780.0256[98]
Kwakiutl0.06680.01830.06680.04060.01980.0268[99]
Salish0.06480.04400.05770.02790.02220.0247[99]

South AmericaTierra del Fuego0.03700.00000.04550.02590.02780.0259[100]