About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents 
Journal of Aging Research
Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 682470, 8 pages
doi:10.4061/2011/682470
Research Article

How Does the Canadian General Public Rate Moderate Alzheimer's Disease?

Jean-Eric Tarride,1,2 Mark Oremus,2,3 Eleanor Pullenayegum,2,4 Natasha Clayton,2,3 and Parminder Raina2,3

1Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH) Research Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 25 Main Street West, Suite 2000, Hamilton, ON, L8P 1H1, Canada
2Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
3McMaster Evidence-Based Practice Centre, McMaster University, DTC Building, 3rd Floor, 50 Main Street East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 1E9, Canada
4Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St. Joseph's Hospital, Martha Wing H321, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, L8N 4A6, Canada

Received 12 May 2011; Accepted 11 October 2011

Academic Editor: Barbara Shukitt-Hale

Copyright © 2011 Jean-Eric Tarride et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

  1. M. Heron, D. L. Hoyert, S. L. Murphy, J. Xu, K. D. Kochanek, and B. Tejada-Vera, “Deaths: final data for 2006,” National Vital Statistics Reports, vol. 57, no. 14, pp. 1–134, 2009. View at Scopus
  2. Alzheimer's Association, Early Onset Dementia: A National Challenge, a Future Crisis, Alzheimer's Association, Washington, DC, USA, 2006.
  3. Alzheimer's Association, “2009 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures,” Alzheimers Dement, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 234–270, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  4. Alzheimer's Association, Saving Lives. Saving Money: Dividends for Americans Investing in Alzheimer Research. Report of the Lewin Group to the Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's Association, Washington, DC, USA, 2004.
  5. B. S. Bloom, N. de Pouvourville, and W. L. Straus, “Cost of illness of Alzheimer's disease: how useful are current estimates?” Gerontologist, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 158–164, 2003. View at Scopus
  6. J. Lopez-Bastida, P. Serrano-Aguilar, L. Perestelo-Perez, and J. Oliva-Moreno, “Social-economic costs and quality of life of Alzheimer disease in the Canary Islands, Spain,” Neurology, vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 2186–2191, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  7. Y. Zhao, T. C. Kuo, S. Weir, M. S. Kramer, and A. S. Ash, “Healthcare costs and utilization for medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer's,” BMC Health Services Research, vol. 8, p. 108, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  8. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence: Technology Appraisals TA19. 2001. [http://guidance.nice.org.uk/TA19].
  9. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care: e-Formulary. Ontario drug benefit formulary/comparative drug index: electronic version. Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario; 2007. [https://www.healthinfo.moh.gov.on.ca/formulary/index.jsp].
  10. P. Raina, P. Santaguida, A. Ismaila et al., “Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical practice guideline,” Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 379–397, 2008. View at Scopus
  11. G. H. Suh, A. Wimo, S. Gauthier et al., “International price comparisons of Alzheimer's drugs: a way to close the affordability gap,” International Psychogeriatrics, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1116–1126, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  12. T. Y. Tarn, “Pharmacoeconomic guidelines around the world,” ISPOR Connections, vol. 10, pp. 5–12, 2004.
  13. R. G. Logsdon, L. E. Gibbons, S. M. McCurry, and L. Teri, “Assessing quality of life in older adults with cognitive impairment,” Psychosomatic Medicine, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 510–519, 2002. View at Scopus
  14. S. C. Smith, D. L. Lamping, S. Banerjee et al., “Development of a new measure of health-related quality of life for people with dementia: DEMQOL,” Psychological Medicine, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 737–746, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  15. A. J. Revell, G. I. Caskie, S. L. Willis, and K. W. Schaie, “Factor structure and invariance of the quality of life in alzheimer's disease (QoL-AD) scale,” Experimental Aging Research, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 250–267, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  16. A. Williams, “EuroQol—a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life,” Health Policy, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 199–208, 1990. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  17. G. W. Torrance, W. Furlong, D. Feeny, and M. Boyle, “Multi-attribute preference functions. Health utilities index,” PharmacoEconomics, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 503–520, 1995. View at Scopus
  18. J. Ankri, B. Beaufils, J. L. Novella et al., “Use of the EQ-5D among patients suffering from dementia,” Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 1055–1063, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  19. W. Coucill, S. Bryan, P. Bentham, A. Buckley, and A. Laight, “EQ-5D in patients with dementia: an investigation of inter-rater agreement,” Medical Care, vol. 39, no. 8, pp. 760–771, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  20. L. Jönsson, N. Andreasen, L. Kilander et al., “Patient- and proxy-reported utility in Alzheimer disease using the EuroQoL,” Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 49–55, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  21. J. H. Karlawish, A. Zbrozek, B. Kinosian, A. Gregory, A. Ferguson, and H. A. Glick, “Preference-based quality of life in patients with Alzheimer's disease,” Alzheimer's and Dementia, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 193–202, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  22. G. Naglie, G. Tomlinson, C. Tansey et al., “Utility-based quality of life measures in Alzheimer's disease,” Quality of Life Research, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 631–643, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  23. L. Thorgrimsen, A. Selwood, A. Spector et al., “Whose quality of life is it anyway? the validity and reliability of the quality of life-Alzheimer's disease (QoL-AD) scale,” Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 201–208, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  24. J. H. Karlawish, A. Zbrozek, B. Kinosian et al., “Caregivers' assessments of preference-based quality of life in Alzheimer's disease,” Alzheimer's and Dementia, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 203–211, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  25. H. A. Kiyak, L. Teri, and S. Borson, “Physical and functional health assessment in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease: self-reports vs family reports,” Gerontologist, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 324–330, 1994. View at Scopus
  26. R. E. Ready, B. R. Ott, and J. Grace, “Patient versus informant perspectives of quality of life in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease,” International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 256–265, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  27. L. P. Sands, P. Ferreira, A. L. Stewart, M. Brod, and K. Yaffe, “What explains differences between dementia patients' and their caregivers' ratings of patients' quality of life?” American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 272–280, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  28. A. Vogel, E. L. Mortensen, S. G. Hasselbalch, B. B. Andersen, and G. Waldemar, “Patient versus informant reported quality of life in the earliest phases of Alzheimer's disease,” International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1132–1138, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  29. M. F. Folstein, S. E. Folstein, and P. R. McHugh, “'Mini mental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician,” Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 189–198, 1975. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  30. M. Oremus, J. E. Tarride, N. Clayton, and P. Raina, “Support for a tax increase to provide unrestricted access to an Alzheimer's disease medication: a survey of the general public in Canada,” BMC Health Services Research, vol. 9, p. 246, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  31. S. Dorofeev and P. Grant, Statistics for Real-Life Sample Surveys: Non-Simple-Random Samples and Weighted Data, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, USA, 2006.
  32. Statistics Canada, “2006 Census,” Tech. Rep. 97-563-XCB2006019, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 2008.
  33. L. Dieckmann, S. H. Zarit, J. M. Zarit, and M. Gatz, “The Alzheimer's disease knowledge test,” The Gerontologist, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 402–407, 1988. View at Scopus
  34. L. X. Badia, S. N. Lara, and G. M. Roset, “[Quality of life, time commitment and burden perceived by the principal informal caregiver of Alzheimer's patients],” Atencion Primaria, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 170–177, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  35. B. Leung, N. Luo, L. So, and H. Quan, “Comparing three measures of health status (perceived health with Likert-type scale, EQ-5D, and number of chronic conditions) in Chinese and white Canadians,” Medical Care, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 610–617, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  36. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Calculating the U.,S. population-based EQ-5D index score. Rockville, MD.: 2005. http://www.ahrq.gov/rice/EQ5Dscore.htm.
  37. WISE & Healthy Aging, Alzheimer's Disease. Signs, Symptoms, and Stages of Alzheimer's Disease, WISE & Healthy Aging, Santa Monica, Calif, USA, 2009.
  38. E. Pullenayegum, J. E. Tarride, F. Xie, R. Goeree, H. C. Gerstein, and D. O'Reilly, “Analysis of health utility data when some subjects attain the upper bound of 1: are tobit and clad models appropriate?” Value in Health, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 487–494, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
  39. B. D. Carpenter, S. Balsis, P. G. Otilingam, P. K. Hanson, and M. Gatz, “The Alzheimer's disease knowledge scale: development and psychometric properties,” Gerontologist, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 236–247, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus