Physical Activity and Hip Fracture Disability: A Review
Table 4
Studies over last 10 years describing poor outcomes after hip fracture, regardless of contemporary management and rehabilitation strategies, plus some common factors explaining outcomes.
12 patients died after complications of previous risk factors, on average survivors showed functional gains from admission to discharge, but most required supervision at discharge.
Age, type fracture, physical and mental health status, and fear.
The percentage of residents ambulating autonomously fell from 95–32 percent among those with fractures even though their prefracture mobility status was better than those who never fractured their hips.
Level of prefracture mobility or preserved autonomous mobility.
Twelve-month mortality was 26 percent. Followup of 231 surviving patients 12–24 months later showed 27 percent still had pain and 60 percent had worsened mobility.
Low Vitamin D levels, type of fracture and surgical repair.
Prospective study of 102 elderly hip fracture patients mean age 83 years.
Mortality at 4 months was 20 percent. While 57 percent went back to original accommodations, 43 percent reached same level of walking ability, and 17 percent achieved same prefracture abilities of daily living, quality of life at 4 months was worse than the reference population.
Local complications, wound infection, age, number of comorbidities, cognitive state at one week after surgery.
Undertook a 2 year follow up of 106 older Irish women with hip fracture histories and 89 without hip fracture.
Mortality at 1 year was 16 percent, and 23.6 percent at 2 years. This occurred even though males or subjects with moderate or severe mental impairment were not included in the study. Hip fracture also had a marked negative effect on functional independence.
Poor mobility, multiple falls, and use of health and community services.
Prospective study of 7,512 women over age 75 without hip fractures.
Within approximately 4 years, 338 women had a first hip fracture, and their postfracture mortality rate was 112.4 per 1,000 woman-years, compared with 27.3 per 1,000 woman-years for the 6,115 women who did not have any fracture (). After adjusting for age and baseline health status, women with hip fractures were more than twice as likely to die than women with no fractures.
Reviewed all articles on outcome of hip fracture between 1,959 and 1,998.
The mortality rates at 6 and 12 months have remained essentially unchanged over the last 4 decades, and are approximately 11–23 percent at 6 months, and 22–29 percent at 1 year.
Prospective studies from 1957–2009 were examined, 22 women and 17 men.
Older adults have a 5–8 fold increased risk for all-cause mortality during the first 3 months after hip fracture. Excess annual mortality persists over time for both women and men.
