Journal of Aging Research / 2024 / Article / Tab 1 / Research Article
Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control Table 1 Demographics of intervention and control groups.
Total (N = 88) Intervention (N = 53) Control (N = 35) P valueAge, mean (SD ) (range) 78.13 (5.05) (66 to 93) 78.43 (4.98) (69 to 93) 77.66 (5.18) (66 to 88) 0.705 0.483 Gender, N (%) 1.261 0.261 Male 13 (14.8) 6 (11.3) 7 (20.0) Female 75 (85.2) 47 (88.7) 28 (80.0) Educational level, N (%) 5.947 0.203 Primary school and below 14 (15.9) 10 (18.9) 4 (11.4) Middle school 19 (21.6) 11 (20.8) 8 (22.9) High school 15 (17.0) 11 (20.8) 4 (11.4) Vocational school 9 (10.2) 7 (13.2) 2 (5.7) University or college and above 31 (35.2) 14 (26.4) 17 (48.6) Occupation before retirement, N (%) 10.799 0.148 Civil servant 6 (6.8) 3 (5.7) 3 (8.6) Office worker 17 (19.3) 10 (18.9) 7 (20.0) Specialist 40 (45.5) 19 (35.8) 21 (60.0) Business personnel 3 (3.4) 3 (5.7) 0 (0.0) Private business owner 2 (2.3) 2 (3.8) 0 (0.0) Housewife 2 (2.3) 1 (1.9) 1 (2.9) Freelancer 3 (3.4) 3 (5.7) 0 (0.0) Other occupation 15 (17.0) 12 (22.6) 3 (8.6) Marital status, N (%) 5.158 0.271 Never married 2 (2.3) 0 (0.0) 2 (5.7) Married 56 (63.6) 32 (60.4) 24 (68.6) Divorced 2 (2.3) 1 (1.9) 1 (2.9) Widowed 27 (30.7) 19 (35.8) 8 (22.9) Separated 1 (1.1) 1 (1.9) 0 (0.0) BMI (kg/m2 ), mean (SD) (range) 24.81 (3.43) (16.77 to 35.49) 24.97 (3.20) (17.19 to 33.71) 24.55 (3.83) (16.77 to 35.49) 0.540 0.590 Nap frequency, N (%) 6.199 0.102 Never 18 (22.2) 8 (16.0) 10 (32.3) 1-2 times/week 13 (16.0) 6 (12.0) 7 (22.6) 3-4 times/week 14 (17.4) 11 (22.0) 3 (9.7) 5–7 times/week 36 (44.4) 25 (50.0) 11 (35.5)