Ion-Acoustic Instabilities in a Multi-Ion Plasma

Figure 2

Plot of the growth rate 𝛾 (5) versus wave vector 𝑘 for 𝑇_𝑒=2×10^5∘K, 𝑇_H⁺=8×10^4∘K, 𝑢_⟂𝑠=100×10⁵cms⁻¹, 𝑣_ts=320×10⁵cms⁻¹, and an electron drift speed 𝑣_𝑒𝑧=2460×10⁵cms⁻¹.  Curve (a) is for a single ion plasma without any ring ions. Curve (b) has a H⁺ ring, curve (c) has an O⁺ ring, curve (d) has an O⁻ ring, and for curve (e) all species of ring ions are present.