Schematic illustration of A. crenata seeds with seed coat and some or all of the endosperm removed. These seeds were used to investigate the effects of the endosperm/seed coat on seed germination. (a) Intact seed with seed coat; (b) seed without seed coat; (c) seed without seed coat and micropylar endosperm; (d) seed without seed coat and half of the endosperm; (e) seed without seed coat and endosperm (isolated embryo).
