Molecular Mechanism of Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants: Central Role of Glutathione in Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species and Methylglyoxal and in Heavy Metal Chelation

Figure 4

Schematic illustration of possible metabolic interaction of AsA- and GSH-based antioxidant system and GSH-based glyoxalase system in plant cells (modified from Hossain et al. [19]). Dotted lines indicate nonenzymatic reactions. For further discussion, see text.