]>TIS11 Family Proteins and Their Roles in Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation : Figure 1
634520.fig.001
Figure 1: Pathways and major components of ARE-mediated mRNA decay by TIS11 proteins. TIS11 protein binds to the ARE sequence in the 3 UTR and recruits deadenylases either directly (hCcr4) or indirectly (PARN). Deadenylated mRNA can be recruited by the exosome, a multiprotein structure containing proteins such as Rrp4, Rrp40, Rrp41, and PM-Scl75 that form the 3 to 5 exoribonuclease complex. Decapping of mRNA can follow deadenylation mediated by decapping enzymes such as Dcp1 and Dcp2 and degradation of mRNA can then be mediated by the 5 to 3 Xrn1 exonuclease.