Navigation by Induction-Based Magnetoreception in Elasmobranch Fishes

Figure 3

The Bessel function ratio 𝐽₂(𝛼)/𝐽₁(𝛼) for swimming modulation amplitudes, 𝛼, between 0.0 and 1.0 radians (3–60 degrees). This ratio is well approximated by 𝛼/4 over this range.