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Table 3: Comparison of theories on blowout from past publications.

Blowout concepts supported Proposed blowout mechanism Broadwell et al. [13] Large-scale structures move hot product to flame leading edge Mixing between hot products and unburned fuel allows insufficient time for combustion to occur Dahm and Dibble [15] Molecular mixing rate Reduction in the fuel velocity with increased coflow velocity corresponds to a consistent blowout parameter Tieszen et al. [22] Local flow velocity exceeds turbulent flame speed Turbulent flame propagation towards the outer edge of the reaction zone stabilizes flames near blowout Han and Mungal [16] Flame propagation against incoming reactants Flame base moves into a higher-velocity region due to a change in the stoichiometric velocity of the flame surface Wu et al. [21] Triple flames/flame pulsation Lessening of the stoichiometric branch of the triple flame leads to downstream recession and eventual blowout