Research Article

Hydrothermal Upgrading of Korean MSW for Solid Fuel Production: Effect of MSW Composition

Table 2

Proximate and ultimate analysis results of paper and kimchi and their products.

 PaperKimchi
 Raw materialTreated at 180°CTreated at 200°CTreated at 220°CRaw materialTreated at 180°CTreated at 200°CTreated at 220°C

Moisture (a.r)2.34.04.26.592.493.893.293.3
Proximate analysis (d.b)
 Volatile matter87.076.258.456.667.160.360.957.8
 Fixed carbon5.314.127.029.222.629.829.731.0
 Ash7.79.714.614.210.310.09.411.3
Ultimate analysis (wt. %) (d.a.f.) 
 C40.345.054.554.833.634.435.837.0
 H5.65.45.04.85.34.64.64.5
 N0.20.10.40.23.53.23.23.0
 O53.849.540.140.257.657.856.455.4
Composition of biomass (wt. %), (d.b) 
 Cellulose57.341.041.336.216.811.511.19.5
 Hemicellulose7.00.80.80.50.50.10.10.0
 Lignin12.313.614.114.74.64.94.95.0
 Other and ash23.544.643.948.678.183.584.085.5
 Weight loss (wt. %), (d.b) 9.516.320.6 5.68.411.2
 Calorific value (MJ/kg) (d.b)15.516.921.421.714.714.716.015.8

a.r: as-received, d.b: dry basis, d.a.f: dry ash free.