Journal of Combustion
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Acceptance rate10%
Submission to final decision141 days
Acceptance to publication10 days
CiteScore1.200
Journal Citation Indicator0.110
Impact Factor0.7

Design, Modeling, and Feasibility Analysis of Rotary Valve for Internal Combustion Engine

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Journal of Combustion publishes research focusing on on all aspects of combustion science, both practical and theoretical. This includes, fuels, dentonators, flames and fires, energy transfer, physical phenomena and combustion chemistry.

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Journal of Combustion maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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Research Article

Comparative Analysis of Swirl Burner and Cross Jet Burner in Terms of Efficiency and Environmental Performance

The article contains a comparative analysis of two types of burners used in different methods of fuel-air mixture preparation: (1) vortex mixing and (2) mixing with transverse jets. The analysis was carried out in order to determine which one of the two burning devices is more efficient and has better environmental performance. In device no. 1, conditions for the fuel-air mixture formation are created by vortex turbulence. The basic principle lying at the core of this design is a vortex flow inside, which provokes a more intense mixing of fuel and air. Moreover, preliminary physical and thermal treatment of the fuel-air mixture has a positive effect on its environmental performance. In contrast, in device no. 2 based on transverse jets’ active mixture formation is achieved through collision of air and fuel flows at an angle close to 90°. The research was based on an experiment carried out with the use of a laboratory firing stand. Flue gas samples were analyzed in order to compare the main harmful air emission indicators with TESTO 350-XL gas analyzer. A propane-butane mixture of 60% C3H8 (propane) and 40% C4H10 (butane) was used as the main fuel. Some indicators were determined after the experiment: measurement units conversion from “ppm” to “mg/m3,” excess air ratio α and equivalence ratio φ, flue gas concentrations recalculation taking oxygen into account, fuel calorific value, and heat release rate. The analysis results are as follows: (i) the swirl burner shows better performance in terms of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions; there is a 1.75-fold difference in total NOx emissions compared to the cross jet burner; (ii) the burner on transverse jets is 10 times more efficient than the swirl burner in terms of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions.

Research Article

Uranium Dust Cloud Combustion: Burning Characteristics and Absorption Spectroscopy Measurements

This study characterized uranium metal dust cloud combustion using absorption spectroscopy, imaging, and broadband emission measurements. Other metals were similarly combusted to establish correlations between results from this study and those found in the literature. It was determined that the burn temperature of uranium was limited to the volatilization temperature of uranium dioxide. Combustion behavior was similar to that of other refractory metals in terms of burn time and the observation of exploding particle behavior.

Research Article

An Overview of Energy Recovery from Local Slaughterhouse-Based Gallus gallus domesticus Greasy Residues and Latest Applications

Gallus domesticus is one of the world’s most consumed animals, with a significant presence in all parts of the planet. Chicken oil appears to be a credible raw material in the context of alternative energy research. This study focuses on a literature review to highlight the chicken’s energy potential and the application of energy recovery from local slaughterhouse-based Gallus gallus domesticus greasy residues and it is proposed to make biodiesel from the fatty residues of Gallus gallus domesticus. The transesterification reaction takes place at 60°C. Methanol is used in a 1 : 6 oil-to-alcohol mass ratio. Catalysis is carried out with 1% (m/m) potassium hydroxide (KOH). The accepted reaction time under light agitation is 120 minutes. The reaction yield is estimated to be 85.6%, and the biodiesel produced is characterized. The postcharacterization values are consistent with the EN14214 biodiesel standard. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry reveals the intrinsic composition of the acids derived from the developed biodiesel methyl esters. The latter reveals a predominance of oleic acids with a value of 29.47% and palmitic acids with a value of 29.21%. The viscosity of greasy residues appeared to be relatively high at 69.32 mm/s. The low calorific value is 38775.363 KJ/Kg and the cetane index is 50. It has been observed that, for 1000 g of fat waste, it is possible to extract by cooking 507.807 g of oil, or an extraction yield of 51%. Fatty chicken residues from tropical market areas can be used as a raw material for biofuel development.

Research Article

Effectiveness of Charcoal Adsorbent in Flue Gas Filters for PCB Reduction in Smoke from Hospital Incinerators

The release of gas-phase polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an unfortunate result of combustion, especially from medical waste incinerators. This tends to make incinerators unpopular. The idea of a cheaply available air pollution control device fitted to incinerator chimneys can justify the continued use of incinerators. A gas filter unit, consisting of 3 filter beds with activated charcoal as an adsorbent, was designed, constructed, and fitted onto an existing incinerator at a university hospital in Ghana. Flue gas from the incinerator was sampled before and after the filter beds, using cylindrically-shaped mini-polyurethane foam (mini-PUF) samplers, and the analytes in the samples were then Soxhlet-extracted, purified, and analyzed for certain PCBs using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique. Twelve of the 14 indicators PCBs analyzed in the smoke samples were present, and 11 of them saw mean reductions ranging from 3.67% to 54.9% by the charcoal filter beds. These were PCB 18, PCB 28, PCB 31, PCB 44, PCB 101, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB149, PCB 153, PCB 170, and PCB180. The gaseous concentrations of PCBs before filtration ranged from 0.0000788 ng/m3 for PCB 180 to 0.00129 ng/m3 for PCB 153. After the filtration by the charcoal adsorbent, they ranged from 0.00003734 ng/m3 for PCB 170 to 0.00112016 ng/m3 for PCB 153. The highest mean reduction of 54.9% came from the homologue, PCB 180, whilst the homologue with a dioxin-like character (PCB 118) saw a 22.44% reduction. This suggests that dioxins and other dioxin-like compounds are most likely adsorbed by the charcoal adsorbent. This gas filter unit should further be investigated for its effectiveness at removing other dioxin-like PCBs, dioxins, and furanes and for testing the effectiveness of thermophilic bacterial strains that can further metabolize these POPs into less harmful products.

Research Article

Effects of Gasoline and Hydrogen Blends on Exhaust Gas Emissions and Fuel Consumption from Gasoline Internal Combustion Engines

Gasoline engines remain a potential source of atmospheric pollution. Dual fuel combustion was under investigation to cope with exposure to pollutants. Investigations on emission parameters and engine performance for a single-cylinder four-stroke petrol engine are carried out using multicriteria decision-making method (MCDM). Bar charts are constructed for three emission parameters in function of engine temperature and fuel consumption for different blends. Fuels were supplied at different engine running speeds. Parameters recorded during the experimental study were the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), percentages of lower explosive limit (LEL), and combustion duration. The maximum concentration of CO was 339 ppm at 70°C and 4000 rpm. The maximum concentration of H2S (3 ppm), was recorded at 94°C and 4000 rpm. The maximum percentage of LEL recorded was 3% at the majority of temperature and 4000 rpm. Consumption of 25 Cl of (gasoline + HHO) was recorded during the maximum time (50 min). The experiment showed high emissions of CO that can provoke respiratory disorders and explosive gases, factors of explosion at high speeds (4000 rpm), and low temperature (70°C). H2S emissions are very low (0–3 ppm) independently of the engine speeds and temperature. Blending gasoline with HHO shows a reduction in fuel consumption.

Research Article

The Transition and Spread of a Chaparral Crown Fire: Insights from Laboratory Scale Wind Tunnel Experiments

Fire occurring in the chaparral behaves as a crown fire, a dual-layer fire that typically ignites in a dead surface fuel layer and transitions to an elevated live crown layer where it continues to spread. In chaparral fuels including chamise, a dominant species in southern California, flame transition to live crown fuels is associated with higher spread rates and greater fire intensity. Despite the relative importance of surface-to-crown transition and crown fire spread, most fire models represent chaparral fire as surface fire, therefore omitting key behavior processes driving this fire system. The purpose of this study was to characterize transition and spread behavior in chaparral fires modeled experimentally as crown fires. We examined heat release rate in the surface and crown fuel layers, time to transition, flame height, and rate of spread in wind-driven and nonwind-driven fires at two crown base heights. Our results showed that wind increased heat release rate, rate of spread, and flame height. A marked increase in heat release rate was observed in wind-driven fires, where adding wind produced an increase from 328 kW to 526 for a crown base height of 0.6 m and from 243 kW to 503 kW for a crown base height of 0.7 m. Further, crown base height served to decrease heat release rate and rate of spread for wind-driven and nonwind-driven fires.

Journal of Combustion
 Journal metrics
See full report
Acceptance rate10%
Submission to final decision141 days
Acceptance to publication10 days
CiteScore1.200
Journal Citation Indicator0.110
Impact Factor0.7
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